Journal of Cellular Signaling

Original Research Open Access

Resveratrol and Astaxanthin Protect Primary Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Cultured at an Air-liquid Interface from an Acute Oxidant Exposure

Ayaho Yamamoto, Peter D. Sly, Nelufa Begum, Abrey J. Yeo, Emmanuelle Fantino

Oxidative stress (OS) in the airway epithelium is associated with cell damage, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction that may initiate or worsen respiratory disease. However, it is unclear whether exogenous antioxidants can provide protection to the airway epithelium from OS. Resveratrol and astaxanthin are nutritional compounds that have shown diverse benefits including protection against OS and inflammation in various situations.

Research Article Open Access

Redox Homeostasis in Well-differentiated Primary Human Nasal Epithelial Cells

Ayaho Yamamoto, Peter D. Sly, Anna Henningham, Nelufa Begum, Abrey J. Yeo, Emmanuelle Fantino

Oxidative stress (OS) in the airway epithelium is associated with inflammation, cell damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction that may initiate or worsen respiratory disease. Redox regulation maintains the equilibrium of pro-oxidant/antioxidant reactions but can be disturbed by environmental exposures. The mechanism(s) underlying the induction and impact of OS on airway epithelium and how these influences on respiratory disease is poorly understood.

Mini Review Open Access

MAGIs: Junctional Scaffolds Linking Inter-Cellular Junction Architecture, Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics, and Signaling Pathways

Heron-Milhavet L, Djiane A

MAGIs (membrane-associated guanylate-kinases (MAGUK) inverted) are apical scaffolds conserved across evolution, which regulate cellular junctions. Low expression of MAGIs has been associated with tumorigenesis in a wide variety of cancers. This “tumor-suppressive” function of MAGIs has stimulated many studies to better understand the processes they control, and how their misregulation could contribute to cancer progression.

Research Article Open Access

Expression and Localization of Phosphoinositide-Specific Phospholipases C in Cultured, Differentiating and Stimulated Human Osteoblasts

Sara Daisy Casoni, Alessia Romanelli, Marta Checchi, Serena Truocchio, Marzia Ferretti, Carla Palumbo, Vincenza Rita Lo Vasco

The osteoblasts contribute to bone homeostasis maintaining the bone mass, and intervene in bone injuries repair. Insights in the events leading to the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts might allow uncover potential molecular targets to control the complex mechanisms underlying bone remodeling. Signal transduction pathways contribute to the differentiation and metabolic activities of osteoblasts, with special regard to calcium-related signaling, including the Phosphoinositide (PI) pathway.

Review Article Open Access

Differentiation and Subtype Specification of Enteric Neurons: Current Knowledge of Transcription Factors, Signaling Molecules and Signaling Pathways Involved

Nastasia Popowycz, Leen Uyttebroek, Guy Hubens, Luc van Nassauw

The enteric nervous system is the largest component of the autonomic nervous system. It contains a broad network of interconnected plexuses and enteric neuronal subtypes which are in charge of the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. Vagal and sacral neural crest cells are at the basis of the enteric nervous system development. These cells undergo multiple processes such as migration, proliferation and differentiation to finally form a functional enteric nervous system.

Review Article Open Access

Improving Obesity and Insulin Resistance by Targeting Skeletal Muscle MKP-1

Anton M. Bennett, Ahmed Lawan

Obesity has reached a global epidemic and it predisposes to the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and related metabolic diseases. Current interventions against obesity and/or type 2 diabetes such as calorie restriction, exercise, genetic manipulations or established pharmacological treatments have not been successful for many patients with obesity and/or type 2 diabetes.

Research Article Open Access

Dendorbium Nobile Lindl. Alkaloids Suppress NF-κB and NLRP3 Signaling Pathways to Attenuate Lipopolysaccharide-induced Neuroinflammation

Jiaojiao Liu, Bo Liu, Xi He, Wu Qin, Jingshan Shi

The important immune cells in the brain are called microglia acting as the central junction between neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. In patients of cognitive disorders and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) animal models, amoebic morphology and inflammatory pathways are activated to release numerous cells in the inflammatory factors by active microglia.

Review Article Open Access

Is Citrate A Critical Signal in Immunity and Inflammation?

Alessia Zotta, Zbigniew Zaslona, Luke A. O’Neill

When immune cells are activated, they undergo metabolic change in order to have sufficient energy to function effectively. The Krebs cycle is one of the most important pathways involved in this response and citrate, a critical component of this pathway, regulates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

Commentary Open Access

Emerging Role of TRPML1 Mucolipin Endolysosomal Channel in Cancer

Giorgio Santoni, Matteo Santoni, Massimo Nabissi, Oliviero Marinelli, Consuelo Amantini, Maria Beatrice Morelli

The transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) is an endolysosomal channel belonging to the TRP family. Clinically, mutations of TRPML1 have been responsible for a severe lysosomal storage disorder called mucolipidosis type IV.

Short Communication Open Access

Flow Cytometric Characterization of Accidental Cell Death Highlights Connections to Regulated Cell Death

Gary Warnes

Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) are known by their nature to cause inflammatory responses in numerous disease states from cancer, trauma to age related diseases (e.g. atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases), these molecules are released by cells undergoing cell death.