Articles

The risk of concussion is present in both adaptive and non-disabled sports. However, one must keep in mind the unique challenges in recognizing/diagnosing and managing concussion in para-athletes. An important factor for consideration in para sport groups is the coexisting underlying medical conditions, which can mimic signs and symptoms of concussion. This analysis will discuss key clinical factors for adaptive athletes with a diagnosis of sports-related concussions focusing on sideline testing, management, and mental health implications.

Contemporary children and adolescents are exposed to increasing psychosocial stressors, including social instability, educational pressure, digital overstimulation, disrupted relational environments, and global uncertainty. These conditions contribute to rising levels of emotional dysregulation, anxiety, behavioral disturbance, somatic distress, and relational withdrawal. Such difficulties are frequently communicated through bodily states, movement patterns, and nonverbal behavior rather than through explicit verbal articulation.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as central regulators of antitumor immunity, influencing immune checkpoint signaling, immune cell differentiation, and intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment. Although extensive preclinical evidence supports the immunomodulatory potential of miRNAs, their clinical translation remains challenging due to context dependence, network redundancy, delivery limitations, and safety concerns.

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from solar exposure is a well-documented environmental hazard, contributing to a wide spectrum of acute and chronic ocular pathologies. While public health campaigns have successfully increased awareness regarding UV-induced skin malignancies, the correlation between solar radiation and ocular health remains significantly under-emphasized in clinical practice. The human eye is uniquely vulnerable to UVR due to its transparent nature, which allows high-energy photons to penetrate deep into the internal structures, including the crystalline lens and the retina.

End-stage heart failure (ESHF) represents a phase of progressive disease characterized by refractory symptoms, frequent hospitalizations, high mortality, and substantial physical and psychosocial burden for patients and caregivers. Despite advances in guideline-directed medical therapy and device-based interventions, many patients with ESHF experience diminished quality of life and face complex decisions regarding advanced therapies and end-of-life care. 

While the concept of catheter ablation (CA) as first-line therapy of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is not new, its widespread adoption has been hindered by the lack of supporting data. The ever-present risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) associated with VT and proven efficacy of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) have made it difficult to justify withholding an ICD implantation even after effective CA in patients with structural heart disease.

Diffuse cystic lung diseases are infrequently encountered in pathology practice, yet when present, often pose significant diagnostic challenges. They typically follow unclassical or atypical radiological findings, requiring pathology for a definite diagnosis and appropriate management. Another common scenario involves specimens obtained following surgery for spontaneous pneumothorax, which are submitted as part of routine postoperative evaluation. The accurate diagnosis of cystic lung disease is critical, as it directly impacts patient management.

Cardiovascular disease in Asian Americans represents a paradox of increasing demographic prominence yet persistent scientific underrecognition. Despite being one of the fastest-growing populations in the United States, Asian Americans remain underrepresented in cardiovascular research and poorly characterized in risk prediction frameworks.

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia, represent an escalating global health crisis projected to affect 135 million individuals by 2050. Given the limited efficacy of traditional pharmacological approaches, a paradigm shifts toward modifiable risk reduction is essential. The current consensus indicates that up to 45% of dementia cases are potentially preventable through optimization of lifestyle and nutritional determinants.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized patients is increasingly recognized as part of a broader cardiorenal metabolic process rather than an isolated renal event. Heart failure (HF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) frequently coexist among patients at risk for AKI and contribute to hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and metabolic disturbances that influence clinical outcomes. However, current risk stratification approaches often evaluate these conditions independently, potentially overlooking their interactive effects.

Objective: Black individuals in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV and experience disparities in antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. This study examined components of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and related psychosocial factors as predictors of ART adherence across multiple adherence measures.

Pulmonary complications after electrical injury are uncommon and are most often interpreted as parenchymal forms of lung damage, including non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, or focal thermal injury. However, recent case-based observations suggest that this may not be the only pattern. In some patients, severe hypoxemia and pulmonary hypertension appear to be greater than expected from the extent of radiographic abnormalities. 

In facing life adversity, the control technique exercised by religious believers appears to be different from those without religious belief, as that of the former is subject to the incorporation of religious doctrines. As such, this paper aimed to examine the religious coping of Buddhism with reference to Rothbaum’s perceived control model comprising primary and secondary control. Based on a review of religious teachings (Mahayana Buddhism), primary control is likely the dominant coping strategy. 

The success of any organization is a direct reflection of its leadership. Dentistry is no exception. Dentistry has been gifted a magnificent profession due to the selfless efforts of those leaders of dentistry who have gone before us. However, new times present new challenges and, as such, it is imperative that new, qualified leaders emerge so that we may, someday, pass on the proverbial torch of our beloved profession to the next generation in a better state than we had received it.

Background: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used to manage various medical conditions and has been associated with the gradual formation of cataracts after prolonged exposure. However, rapid-onset cataract development remains uncommon. This case describes an unusual presentation of rapid bilateral cataract development following HBOT, occurring over a much shorter timeframe than previously reported in literature.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) represents a persistent and growing global health challenge. It is a progressive, and largely sporadic neurodegenerative condition characterized not only by a reduction in brain volume and weight but also by widespread and progressive atrophy of the cerebrum. The disease involves substantial loss of neurons, particularly in the hippocampus and the medial temporal lobes, as confirmed through pathological studies.

Stroke is a medical emergency where blood supply to the brain is cut off (ischemic) or a blood vessel ruptures (hemorrhagic), leading to potential long-term damage, disability, or death. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is used in neurological conditions as a non-invasive form of brain stimulation and can promote motor function recovery after a stroke. There is literature demonstrating improvement with high and low-frequency rTMS in stroke patients; however, the literature on these frequencies is limited. 

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study is to compare the efficacy and effectiveness of Systemic Manual Therapy (SMT) used in a pragmatic vs. standardized treatment strings across episode of care when treating patients with Central Sensitization (CS). Design: Computerized Decision Support Software (CDSS) retrospective analysis of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) using the Halili Physical Therapy Statistical Analysis Tool (HPTSAT) to query EMR.

Recently it became obvious that drug abuse, infectious disease, and hematologic dysregulation are not peripheral concerns—they are central determinants of therapeutic success or failure. Late-stage metastatic cancer remains one of the most pharmacologically unforgiving landscapes in modern medicine. Despite decades of therapeutic innovation, the microenvironments that support disseminated tumor cells have evolved into highly specialized, treatment-resistant ecosystems.

The doctor-patient relationship is fundamental for both diagnosis and treatment. All healthcare activity is influenced, directly or indirectly, by interpersonal relationships. Communication allows for the integration of clinical reasoning by connecting the biomedical and psychosocial aspects of clinical care. It is about integrating communication and clinical reasoning, and connecting the biomedical and psychosocial aspects of clinical care.