Articles

This study investigated clinical inertia in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a major challenge in clinical practice. The primary aim was to assess the delay in therapeutic intensification among patients with persistently elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (>8.0%) who were already receiving two oral antidiabetic drugs, considering the availability of newer effective therapies. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from the Clalit Health Service database in Israel.

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and intelligent digital systems has created significant opportunities to enhance clinical decision-making and data management within healthcare infrastructures.

Non-linear differential equations play a central role in modeling complex phenomena in physical, chemical, and biological sciences. Exact analytical solutions are rarely obtainable due to strong nonlinearities and complex boundary conditions.

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) has traditionally been considered a neuroimmunological disorder, but recent microbiome data suggest that gut dysbiosis may play a key role in its pathogenesis.

Semi-compliant (SC) balloons are essential in PCI for lesion preparation before stent deployment. The Optima SC PTCA balloon catheter, a next-generation device, was evaluated in this post-marketing, multicenter study to assess its real-world performance and safety.

Ratio variables, such as body mass index (BMI) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), are deeply ingrained in cardiovascular research and practice, yet the use of ratios in regression models can confuse associations and obscure underlying mechanisms.

This paper develops an empirically validated conceptual framework, which redefines construction inspection technology selection as a context-specific optimization problem. The framework models inspection performance as the generation of interactions between technological capabilities and environmental constraints, rather than universal technical superiority. 

The purpose of this Commentary is to provide context for the study titled, “Rediscovering ‘Me’: A consensual qualitative analysis of the experiences of Australian women with an adult diagnosis of ADHD”; to present an overview of the findings of that study; to highlight progress in research and clinical contexts; and to make recommendations for research and clinical practice pertaining to women with ADHD. 

Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common causes of pediatric cancer mortality. Cancer is well known for its complexity and wide variety of presentations. At its worst, NB presents with early metastasis and resistance to therapies.

Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a serine/threonine kinase that serves as a central regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, growth control, polarity, and stress adaptation. Acting as a master kinase, LKB1 activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and a family of related kinases, thereby restraining mTORC1 signaling and limiting anabolic, energy-consuming processes.

Neurology requires complex and multi-faceted care for patients with multi-disciplinary collaboration. There is significant strain on current physicians due to limited provider availability and resources. APPs offer an excellent source of support and care to patients and are able to work closely with physicians and care teams with varying degrees of supervision and offer excellent and comprehensive care to patients. 

Schizophrenia is a complex, multifactorial neuropsychiatric disorder in which many patients continue to experience disabling negative and cognitive symptoms despite treatment with dopamine-based antipsychotics. This therapeutic limitation has intensified the search for alternative neurobiological pathways that more directly regulate stress, affective processing, and salience. Increasing translational evidence indicates the dynorphin–kappa opioid receptor (DYN–KOR) pathway as a vital molecular regulator within cortico–striatal–limbic circuits that are impaired in schizophrenia. 

This commentary refers to the article: ‘The future of psychology in schools – a review and outlook: with particular reference to the role of school psychology’. For a better understanding, some additional information has also been included. Basic problems in the German education system, as they have become apparent (among other things) in international studies, must be urgently addressed.

Lumbar and cervical disc herniations and bulges are common causes of pain and disability, with conservative, non-invasive treatments recommended as first-line interventions. Intervertebral Differential Dynamics (IDD) Therapy is a form of targeted spinal decompression that aims to reduce disc pressure and promote healing. While some studies question the efficacy of traction-based therapies, others suggest potential benefits.

Effector T cells rely on tightly coordinated metabolic and epigenetic programs to sustain immune function. Emerging evidence highlights a central role for mitochondria in integrating these programs through nutrient utilization and regulation of metabolite flux. The electron transport chain (ETC), localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane, directs cellular metabolism toward oxidative phosphorylation.

Building on an earlier analysis of the repeated performances of Verdi’s Messa da Requiem in the Terezín ghetto, this article revisits the undertaking as a paradigmatic instance of musical practice under conditions of radical persecution. Drawing on survivors’ testimonies and historical–musicological sources, and guided by psychoanalytic concepts, we suggest that Verdi’s Requiem could function as a collective container in Bion’s sense: a structured musical–textual matrix that received death and terror and returned it in forms that could be borne, shared, and symbolically elaborated.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease that primarily affects adults, but it can also occur in the pediatric population, although less commonly. Common manifestations of sarcoidosis include pulmonary involvement, lymphadenopathy, and skin lesions. The clinical presentation in children can be diverse, making diagnosis challenging.

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are increasingly recognized as key contributors to fall risk among older adults. Falls are the leading cause of injury-related emergency visits among the elderly, and cognitive decline appears to play a bidirectional role in this relationship.

Recurrent infections in children may indicate underlying inborn errors of immunity. Early detection by combined immunologic and genetic testing is essential for accurate diagnosis and targeted intervention. This prospective study included 60 pediatric patients aged ≤18 years with recurrent infections, evaluated between 2022 and 2024. The median age at enrollment was 6.2 years ([IQR] 3.6–11.3).

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare cystic neoplasm that almost exclusively affects women. LAM arises from inherited or spontaneous mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 genes, which result in constitutive activation of mTOR and downstream signaling. These mutations arise in a uterine population of cells that migrate to the lungs where they establish nodules that progress to cysts and progressive lung function decline.