Articles

Early mobilization following hip hemiarthroplasty for neck of femur (NOF) fractures is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. Objective tools to predict short-term walking recovery are lacking. To develop and internally validate a clinical prediction model for 90-day postoperative walking recovery in elderly patients following hip hemiarthroplasty for neck of femur fracture in Nigeria.

Cognitive impairment is now widely recognized as a core; persistent feature of bipolar disorder (BD) that persists even after mood symptoms subside and is strongly associated with lasting disability and decreased quality of life. Growing evidence implicates interacting neurobiological mechanisms, including neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and gut–brain axis alterations.

The emergence of transcatheter valve-in-valve (ViV) procedures has fundamentally changed the management of bioprosthetic valve degeneration, providing a less invasive alternative to high-risk surgical reoperation. However, the long-term clinical success of future transcatheter interventions is largely predetermined at the time of the initial surgical valve replacement.

Transgender women (TW) experience high rates of anal cancer, yet linkage to high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) following abnormal anal cancer screening (AACS) remains low. This study identifies stakeholder-informed interventions to improve linkage to HRA among TW. We interviewed eight stakeholders: 4 healthcare professionals involved in ACS in the Mid-Atlantic US and 4 TW community leaders in Washington DC.

Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), and osteoporosis have long been treated as separate epidemics, each with its own guidelines, specialist clinics, and literature. That separation is no longer tenable. As global obesity and diabetes prevalence have risen, osteoporosis prevalence has risen in close parallel, and a rapidly expanding literature has exposed a mechanistic entanglement between adipose tissue, glucose metabolism, and bone. Bone is not a passive bystander in metabolic disease: it is an active endocrine organ, shaped by adiposity and glycemic control while itself modulating both.

Alcohol use and maladaptive coping behaviors, including excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods, are increasingly recognized as important contributors to both psychiatric illness and chronic liver disease. Many patients self-treat anxiety, insomnia, trauma, chronic pain, or mood disorders with alcohol without recognizing hazardous drinking patterns. In the setting of the global rise in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), even modest alcohol intake may accelerate progression to Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease (ALD), advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Intervertebral Differential Dynamics (IDD) Therapy is used as a targeted, non-surgical decompression intervention for selected patients with disc-related spinal pain. A previously published cohort reported significant short-term improvements in pain and disability, while paired magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes were reserved for subsequent analysis.

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the loss of maternal UBE3A, an E3 ubiquitin ligase essential for neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function. AS has traditionally been viewed as a cell-autonomous disorder in which intracellular UBE3A deficiency drives neuronal dysfunction. However, recent evidence suggests that impaired extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated intercellular communication also contributes to disease pathophysiology. 

Perampanel (PER) occupies a singular place in anti-seizure pharmacology. As the only anti-seizure medication (ASM) that acts through selective, non-competitive blockade of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors, the principal mediators of fast excitatory neurotransmission in the brain, it brings a mechanistic distinctiveness that sets it apart from agents targeting sodium channels, calcium currents, or synaptic vesicle proteins

Adenomyosis diagnosis has improved substantially with high-resolution transvaginal ultrasound and the standardized Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) criteria; however, the relative diagnostic contribution of individual sonographic signs to histopathological confirmation remains incompletely defined.

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an exogenous antioxidant drug against oxidative tissue injury. The current study aims to investigate the ameliorating role of NAC on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and kidney injury biomarkers in male rats using an immunohistochemical study. The study was carried out on 50 male rats divided into two main groups and injected intraperitoneally. The control group consisted of 30 rats (GPI) and included three subgroups: GPIa received saline, GPIb received 500 mg/kg/day NAC, and GPIc received a single dose of 5 mg/kg CP.

Background: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are now a cornerstone therapy for Heart Failure with reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF), with demonstrated benefits in survival and hospitalization reduction. However, most evidence is limited to 12–18 months of follow-up.

Glycosphingosines are neuroactive lipids whose stereochemical variations are increasingly implicated in neuronal dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease processes. However, their close structural similarity renders stereoisomer-resolved analysis inaccessible to conventional LC–MS approaches, limiting mechanistic interpretation of lipid-associated neuropathology. In previous work, we demonstrated that complexation of glycosphingosine isomers with crown ethers enabled cyclic ion mobility spectrometry to resolve most of the species. Here, we investigate the energetics and structural effects of crown ether binding to interrogate the mechanism of separation enhancement.

Oncolytic virotherapy (OVT) has emerged as a promising cancer immunotherapy strategy that combines selective tumor cell infection and lysis with immune activation. However, clinical responses remain variable, and innate antiviral immunity is a key determinant of this variability. Type I interferon (IFN) signaling and downstream interferon-stimulated genes can restrict viral replication, limit intratumoral spread, and reduce direct oncolysis, particularly in tumors with intact or elevated antiviral programs. 

Prion diseases, or transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), represent a group of incurable and invariably fatal neurodegenerative disorders driven by the pathological misfolding of the prion protein (PrP) [1–6]. These diseases are characterized by a progressive clinical course and, despite their significant impact on human [7–17] and animal [1,10,18–30] health, currently lack effective therapeutic interventions [31–34] and are limited in early-stage diagnostics [1,7,31–33]. Given the broad host range of prion diseases, together with the absence of effective treatments and limited antemortem diagnostic options, continued prion disease research remains essential. 

Pancreaticobiliary maljunction, an abnormal junction between pancreatic and Common Bile Duct (CBD) which forms before the opening in duodenum to form a long common channel, with or without biliary dilatation is a rare cause of recurrent pancreatitis in children. The anomalous junction results in reflux of pancreatic juices into the biliary tract leading to injury.

The purpose of this study was to explore knowledge, practices, facilitators and barriers of healthy eating among White, Hispanic, and Black individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). A qualitative content analysis was conducted using data from four focus groups. Participants were recruited from a hospital registry who self-reported successful dietary behaviors. Adults with T2DM were recruited across different racial and ethnic groups, and focus groups were facilitated using a structured guide.

Up to 40% of adult individuals with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) develop a condition known as Cystic Fibrosis Diabetes (CFRD). This co morbid condition, is secondary to insulin deficiency as a result of pancreatic islet cell damage subsequent to the underlying genetic mutation in CF. CFRD is associated with the development of microvascular complications however, little is known about the prevalence of neuropathic dysfunction in the form of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN).

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), which merge the specificity of monoclonal antibodies with potent cytotoxic payloads, are becoming more common as a therapeutic option for cancer patients with multiple approvals and many more in clinical development. As of March 2026, 15 ADCs have been approved by the FDA for use in oncological indications (Table 1), and despite their targeted design, ocular adverse events (OAEs) have emerged as adverse events of special interest in patients across various tumor types.

Background: Advances in urologic management have improved survival among individuals with Spina Bifida (SB), making successful transition from pediatric to adult care increasingly important. However, transition remains challenging due to complex medical needs, functional limitations, and healthcare system barriers. We sought to compare patient, caregiver, and provider perspectives on successful transition and identify priorities for improvement.