Archives of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

The role of ultrasound (US) in gynecological procedures is increasing. Transabdominal ultrasound image–guided intrauterine procedures are not new. In this article, we reviewed the use of ultrasound some of the main gynecological procedures, focusing on the cerclage procedures.

Purpose: Cerclage related complications in patients after trachelectomy are rare, but can have an immense effect on fertility and obstetric outcomes. We aim to report on cerclage related complications after trachelectomy and to increase awareness and develop preventive strategies. Methods: Retrospective case series from 2006-2021 in a single tertiary referral center, including patients who experienced cerclage related complications after vaginal or abdominal trachelectomy because of early-stage cervical cancer.

Postmenopausal hyperhidrosis (PMH) is an important differential diagnosis to vasomotor symptoms (VMS) in menopause. The objective is to describe the differences in clinical presentation and treatment of the two conditions. Patients suffering from PMH represent a unique cohort of patients with primary hyperhidrosis and should therefore not be treated in the same way as those displaying VMS during menopause.

In 2020 we published a series of 18 patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and vaginal radical trachelectomy (VRT) as a fertility sparing alternative in stage 1B2 cervical cancer.

Objective: To evaluate demographics and outcomes of maternal-fetal pairs in early onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) requiring delivery prior to 34 weeks’ gestation based on ultrasound indication leading to diagnosis. Study Design: This is a descriptive study of maternal-fetal pairs with early FGR diagnosed prior to 30 weeks’ gestation and delivering between 22w0d and 34w0d under the care of Wake Forest University Perinatology 01/2012-12/2016. 

Advanced ultrasound offers an important diagnostic clinical tool for the specialty of Obstetrics (OB) and Gynecology (GYN). The advanced ultrasound technologies, such as power Doppler angiography, with its assessment of vascular flow, adds to the described clinical benefits. The imaging technology that this represents, offers diagnostic abilities for a variety of obstetric and gynecologic conditions

The study “knowledge and health beliefs of reproductive-age women in Alexandria about tetanus toxoid immunization” has shed a new light on the attitude of obstetricians in Alexandria (Egypt) towards recommending tetanus toxoid vaccination to pregnant females. According to the study, the use of tetanus toxoid vaccine among females in child-bearing age in Alexandria was low.

Purpose: As long-acting reversible contraceptive choices are becoming more popular among young women, proper informed consent over potential complications should be addressed when such decisions are made. A local case series was analyzed to consider the risk of intrauterine device (IUD) fracture. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of provider experience with the intrauterine device over a seven-year period was undertaken, to specifically analyze the incidence of IUD embedment and fracture in the studied population.

Contraception encompasses the concept of avoiding a pregnancy, and is aimed at women of reproductive age who, although are sexually active, do not want to achieve any pregnancy at their option fertility preservation and family planning. It should be underlined that no method of contraception is 100% guaranteed because its success depends on many factors such as patient’s compliance to gynecologists instructions, woman’s age, the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the frequency of sexual intercourse and of course the type of contraception.

A national perinatal survey in France in 2016 showed that 12.2% of women have instrumentally assisted vaginal births with vacuum extraction used in 49.8% of cases, making it the most frequently used form of obstetrical assistance. The 2006 initial concept of the Icup^® vacuum extractor was based on the development of a single-use device with a partially deformable cup to avoid any fetal scalp injury. 

A. Why was this study conducted? Current recommendations for delivery of all pregnancies affected by umbilical vein varix (UVV), isolated or not, at 37 weeks are not well-supported by published data and needs to be evaluated further. B. What are the key findings? Stratification by isolated UVV versus non-isolated UVV is helpful in determining fetuses at risk for poor outcomes. UVV size or presence of filling defect does not affect perinatal outcomes.

Introduction: The ‘sterile womb paradigm’ is currently under debate and the advent of next generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing is driving the characterization of microbes associated with the amniotic cavity during pregnancy. Objective: To characterize the bacterial diversity in placentas from preterm and term births using next generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing in association with adverse pregnancy outcomes and histopathology studies. 

Sexual abuse of a minor is defined as any sexual violation or act of a sexual nature committed against a human being under the age of eighteen, by violence, coercion, threat, surprise, or deception [1]. Similarly, rape of a minor is any act of sexual penetration of any kind committed against a human being under the age of eighteen using violence, coercion, threats, or deception [1]. 

The present study aimed to study the vaccination acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine in the Hellenic pregnant population and make a high relative analysis of the factors that contribute to decision-making concerning the acceptance of the vaccine during pregnancy. Findings could be leveraged for improving the vaccination communication strategy to pregnant women to increase the vaccination acceptance rate.

Since the medical management of ectopic pregnancy (EP) was introduced by Dr. Steven Ory, and published in 1986 in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, diagnostic criteria have been established to predict its successful medical treatment with methotrexate (MTX), including its maximum diameter (MaxDia), its associated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level, and whether there was identified cardiac motion (CM).

The survival probability of early human conceptions is very low. At least 73% of natural single conceptions have no real chance of surviving six weeks of gestation. After six weeks, survival rates improve rapidly as 90% of the remainder will survive to term. This low fetal loss rate is close to the low rates of 1% - 2.9% for different methods of artificial reproduction. From 16 weeks the rate of loss reduces further, to around 1%.