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Journal of Cancer Immunology
ISSN: 2689-968X
Sanjay K. Srivastava
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, USA
Clutch Control: Changing the Speed and Direction of CAR-T Cell Therapy
Emerging Potential of Plant Virus Nanoparticles (PVNPs) in Anticancer Immunotherapies
Humanized Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells
The aim of Journal of Cancer Immunology is to publish exciting discoveries on interactive immunology of deadly disease called “Cancer”. The incredible influence of immune system on transformation and growth of tumour has always influenced basic and advanced investigations on cancer. The journal is established with the aim of reporting current updates to cancer research community. Journal features original and promising discoveries in cancer immunology as research, review, novel cases and case series, editorials, correspondence and perspectives after single blind peer review process.
Unlocking Biomarkers for Cancer Immunotherapy: Immune Monitoring with High-Parameter Flow Cytometry
A decade ago, Science magazine named cancer immunotherapy as the breakthrough of the year, recognizing its pivotal clinical trials of antibodies designed to inhibit negative regulators of T cell function. Antibody therapies targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell protein 1 (PD-1) initially showed effectiveness against advanced melanoma and have since expanded in use to non-small cell lung, renal cell, and bladder cancers, among others.
Commentary on the Volume-Outcome Relationship in CRS/HIPEC for Peritoneal Carcinomatosis
Peritoneal carcinomatosis historically has a poor prognosis; however, Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS) and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) have shown improved outcomes. While a volume-outcome relationship is established in oncologic surgeries, its applicability to CRS/HIPEC remains unexplored. This study examines the impact of hospital volume on CRS/HIPEC outcomes.
Combining EGFR and KRAS G12C Inhibitors for KRAS G12C Mutated Advanced Colorectal Cancer
KRAS is a commonly mutated gene in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, inhibitors of KRAS G12C were developed and have shown promising efficacy for KRAS G12C mutated non-small cell lung cancer. However, KRAS G12C inhibitor monotherapy has not demonstrated excellent efficacy for KRAS G12C mutated advanced CRC due to multiple resistance mechanisms, especially receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling activation.
Tertiary Prevention and Treatment for Reducing Leukemia Relapse
We have found little available information in the medical literature on the prevention and treatment of tertiary leukemia or patients' prognosis. We thus conducted a comprehensive literature review using the most recently updated American Society of Hematology guidelines, searching the MEDLINE and PubMed electronic databases by using the key term "progression-free survival (PFS) leukemia" and restricting results to the English language within the last decade.
Expanding the Cancer Neoantigen Peptide Repertoire beyond In silico Tools
CD8+ cytotoxic T cells recognise and kill cancer cells that present immunogenic peptides bound to the cell surface major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules.
SHP2 Inhibition as a Promising Anti-cancer Therapy: Function in Tumor Cell Signaling and Immune Modulation
The SHP2 phosphatase consists of one protein tyrosine phosphatase catalytic domain (PTP domain), two tandem Src homology 2 (SH2) domains (N-SH2 and C-SH2), and a C-terminal tail with two tyrosine phosphorylation sites (Tyr542 and Tyr580)
Small-molecule Interferon Inducers for Cancer Immunotherapy Targeting Non-T cell-inflamed Tumors
Since the discovery of escaping mechanism of tumor from negative immune regulation, the paradigm of drug discovery for anti-cancer agents has been dramatically shifted to cancer immunotherapy (e.g., dendritic cell therapy, CAR-T cell therapy, or antibody therapy) by stimulating patient’s immune system to treat cancer.
Emerging Strategies to Attack Polyploid Cancer Cells
While cells with a 2n complement of chromosomes are defined as diploid, cells that possess greater than 2n are referred to as polyploid.
Mitochondria Autoimmunity and MNRR1 in Breast Carcinogenesis: A Review
Recently, Aras et al. reported that MNRR1, a nuclear DNA (nDNA)-encoded mitochondrial antigen, promotes cancer cell migration and the development of metastasis as a proof of concept supporting the participation of mitochondrial autoimmunity in breast carcinogenesis.
Inference of Clonal Copy Number Alterations from RNASequencing Data
Tissues are composed of various types of interacting cells [1]. To understand the cellular organization and function in tissues, it is necessary to identify all of the different cell types and the locations of these different cell types within tissue structures.
Emerging Potential of Plant Virus Nanoparticles (PVNPs) in Anticancer Immunotherapies
Plant virus nanoparticles (PVNPs) are increasingly recognized and studied for use in biomedical applications. PVNPs include plant virions with self-assembled capsid protein coats (PC) that encapsulate the virus genome, and virus-like particles (VLPs), a capsid without the viral genome.
Humanized Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells
In 1989, researchers proposed an intricate strategy in the field of adoptive cell therapy (ACT). Using the T-cell receptor (TCR) as a template, they replaced the coding sequence for the Vα and Vβ chains with the antigen- recognition domains from an antibody (VH and VL chains).
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in the Management of Urothelial Carcinoma
Bladder cancer is one of the most common and expensive cancers in the United States, with an expected 81,400 new cases and 17,980 deaths in 2020 alone. The incidence is increased among white men and diagnoses often occur in the 7th decade of life.
Cervical Cancer Prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa and HPV Vaccination Policy: A Public Health Grand Challenge?
“Women are not dying because of diseases we cannot treat. They are dying because societies have yet to make the decision that their lives are worth saving.”
Immunogenic Cell Death: A Step Ahead of Autophagy in Cancer Therapy
Cell Death has long been considered to be an inevitable part of the life cycle of a cell and hence, considered a familiar consequence of cellular life.
SHP2 Inhibition as a Promising Anti-cancer Therapy: Function in Tumor Cell Signaling and Immune Modulation
The SHP2 phosphatase consists of one protein tyrosine phosphatase catalytic domain (PTP domain), two tandem Src homology 2 (SH2) domains (N-SH2 and C-SH2), and a C-terminal tail with two tyrosine phosphorylation sites (Tyr542 and Tyr580)
Aromatase Inhibitors and their Connection to Autoimmunity
The aromatase inhibitors (AIs) anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane are often prescribed as endocrine therapy for patients with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. AIs are associated with musculoskeletal side effects such as bone loss, arthralgias, myalgias, and tenosynovitis. Notably, exemestane is a steroidal AI and both anastrozole and letrozole are non-steroidal AIs.
Perioperative Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Muscle-Invasive and Metastatic Bladder Cancer
Checkpoint inhibitors offer promise in treating muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer, but the optimal timing of their administration—neoadjuvant or adjuvant—remains unclear. To determine the efficacy of combining checkpoint inhibition with standard cisplatin-based chemotherapy, we conducted a phase II trial of neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 (αPD-1) and anti-CTLA-4 (αCTLA-4), in combination with cisplatin-gemcitabine, for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer prior to radical cystectomy.
Enhancing the Efficacy of CAR-T Cell Therapy: A Comprehensive Exploration of Cellular Strategies and Molecular Dynamics
The emergence of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T cell) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, particularly for hematologic malignancies. This commentary discusses developments in CAR-T cell therapy, focusing on the molecular mechanisms governing T cell fate and differentiation. Transcriptional and epigenetic factors play a pivotal role in determining the specificity, effectiveness, and durability of CAR-T cell therapy.
The Role of Tumor and Host Microbiome on Immunotherapy Response in Urologic Cancers
The role of the microbiome in the development and treatment of genitourinary malignancies is just starting to be appreciated. Accumulating evidence suggests that the microbiome can modulate immunotherapy through signaling in the highly dynamic tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, much is still unknown about the immuno-oncology-microbiome axis, especially in urologic oncology. The objective of this review is to synthesize our current understanding of the microbiome’s role in modulating and predicting immunotherapy response to genitourinary malignancies.
Negative Feedback Expansion of Tregs Caused by Endogenous IL-2 Limits the Activity of IL-2-based Therapies
Stimulating effector T-cells (Teffs) without inducing regulatory T-cells (Tregs) has been the primary goal of IL-2-based therapies for cancer. Recently, modified IL-2 designed for differential T-cell expansion for the treatment of cancer has failed in the clinic. We propose that treatments based on exogenous administrations of modified IL-2 are inherently undermined by a negative feedback loop, caused by IL-2 secreted endogenously from activated effector T-cells.
Clutch Control: Changing the Speed and Direction of CAR-T Cell Therapy
The adoptive transfer of T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T cells) has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies, providing unmatched clinical responses in adults and children with relapsed or refractory B cell malignancies.
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