Journal of Cellular Signaling

2021

Volume 2, Issue 3, p139-227

Articles published in this issue are Open Access and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY NC) where the readers can reuse, download, distribute the article in whole or part by mentioning proper credits to the authors.

Review Article Open Access

Altering CAR Construct Design to Ameliorate CAR-T Cell Therapy Associated Cytokine Release Syndrome

Zhicheng Du, Shijun Zha, Yu Yang Ng, Shu Wang

Cytokine release syndrome represents a significant barrier to the widespread application of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies. We performed a broad analysis of preclinical and clinical studies that tested different designs of the CAR construct to tune CAR signaling, with an emphasis on effects of CAR designs on cytokine release from activated CAR-T cells.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p139-146 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.045

Commentary Open Access

SPOCK1: New Mechanistic Insight into Liver Fibrosis

Zhipeng Du, Yuhui Fan, Dean Tian

Chronic liver diseases with different etiologies can provoke a fibrotic wound-healing response, which leads to liver fibrosis. Liver fibrosis is characterized by abnormal deposition and distribution of extracellular matrix (ECM), which restricts the regeneration of normal liver, and finally results in liver cirrhosis, liver failure or even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p147-150 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.046

Review Article Open Access

APE1/Ref-1 – One Target with Multiple Indications: Emerging Aspects and New Directions

Mahmut Mijiti, Rachel Caston, Silpa Gampala, Melissa L. Fishel, Jill C. Fehrenbacher, Mark R. Kelley

In the realm of DNA repair, base excision repair (BER) protein, APE1/Ref-1 (Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1/Redox Effector - 1, also called APE1) has been studied for decades. However, over the past decade, APE1 has been established as a key player in reduction-oxidation (redox) signaling. In the review by Caston et al. (The multifunctional APE1 DNA repair-redox signaling protein as a drug target in human disease), multiple roles of APE1 in cancer and other diseases are summarized.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p151-161 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.047

Review Article Open Access

NH₂-Terminal Cleavage of Cardiac Troponin I Signals Adaptive Response to Cardiac Stressors

Chad M. Warren, Monika Halas, Han-Zhong Feng, Beata M. Wolska, Jian-Ping Jin, R. John Solaro

Cardiac sarcomeres express a variant of troponin I (cTnI) that contains a unique N-terminal extension of ~30 amino acids with regulatory phosphorylation sites. The extension is important in the control of myofilament response to Ca²⁺, which contributes to the neuro-humoral regulation of the dynamics of cardiac contraction and relaxation.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p162-171 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.048

Review Article Open Access

Function of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Hepatic Inflammation

Gabrielle Westenberger, Jacob Sellers, Savanie Fernando, Sadie Junkins, Sung Min Han, Kisuk Min, Ahmed Lawan

The western diet and overuse of anti-inflammatory medication have caused a great deal of stress on the liver. Obesity and the associated inflammatory state in insulin-responsive tissues result in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokine that activates the stress-responsive MAPKs, p38 MAPK, and JNK. These MAPKs have figured prominently as critical effectors in physiological and pathophysiological hepatic inflammation.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p172-180 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.049

Review Article Open Access

A Brief Update on STAT3 Signaling: Current Challenges and Future Directions in Cancer Treatment

Keisuke Taniguchi, Momomi Tsugane, Akira Asai

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 plays a key role not only in regulating a variety of biological properties, including survival, proliferation, and metastasis of cancer cells, but also in modifying the tumor microenvironment to promote angiogenesis and immunosuppression, rendering STAT3 a valuable target in cancer.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p181-194 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.050

Review Article Open Access

Targeting Cullin-RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 4 by Small Molecule Modulators

Kenneth Wu, Benjamin D. Hopkins, Roberto Sanchez, Robert J. DeVita, Zhen-Qiang Pan

Cullin-RING E₃ ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL₄) plays an essential role in cell cycle progression. Recent efforts using high throughput screening and follow up hit-to-lead studies have led to identification of small molecules 33-11 and KH-4-43 that inhibit E₃ CRL₄’s core ligase complex and exhibit anticancer potential.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p195-205 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.051

Review Article Open Access

Hydrogen Peroxide-induced Cell Death in Mammalian Cells

Tamutenda Chidawanyika, Surachai Supattapone

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is an important intra- and extra-cellular signaling molecule that can determine cell fate. At low concentrations, H₂O₂ plays roles in proliferation, immunity, and metabolism. Cellular exposure to higher non-physiologic concentrations of H₂O₂ can result in oxidative stress.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p206-211 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.052

Review Article Open Access

TTK: A Promising Target in Malignant Tumors

Weiping Yao, Mingyun Jiang, Minjun Zhang, Haibo Zhang, Xiaodong Liang

TTK is a dual-specific protein kinase that phosphorylates serine and threonine. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) acts as a molecular monitoring mechanism that regulates mitosis and ensures accurate separation of chromosomes. TTK is a key regulator of the SAC. Activated TTK localizes to kinetochores and activates SAC function. Simultaneously, TTK promotes error correction by phosphorylating several substrates.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p212-220 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.053

Mini Review Open Access

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 and Oncogenesis in the Liver Disease

Da-eun Nam, Hae Chang Seong, Young S. Hahn

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Chronic hepatic inflammation and fibrosis play a critical role in the development of HCC. Liver fibrosis develops as a result of response to injury such that a persistent and excessive wound healing response induces extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition leading to HCC.

J Cell Signal, 2021, Volume 2, Issue 3, p221-227 | DOI: 10.33696/Signaling.2.054

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Journal of Cellular Signaling

2021

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