Archives of Dentistry

Editorial Open Access

Does the Immediate Dental Implant Placement into Fresh Extraction Sockets Decrease the Marginal Bone Lose?

Ahmad Al Nashar

The insertion of dental implants immediately after teeth extractions has become a routine clinical procedure in implant dentistry. This treatment modality has received much attention and has shown favorable results [1-4]. Several studies have reported that successful osseointegration is possible when implants are inserted immediately

Letter to the Editor Open Access

Is Cone Beam Computed Tomography Suggested for Wisdom Tooth Extraction?

Shirin Ghasemi

Particularly about preoperative evaluation and treatment planning for wisdom tooth extractions, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has revolutionized the dental field. With regard to patient care and treatment outcomes, this Letter to the Editor aims to provide readers with a comprehensive understanding of the benefits and limitations of using CBCT during wisdom tooth extraction procedures.

Editorial Open Access

Non-invasive Treatments for Early Childhood Caries (ECC): A New Era in Pediatric Dentistry

Muhammad Anas, Muhammad Farrukh

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a pervasive and debilitating disease affecting millions of children worldwide. The traditional restorative approach, although effective, often requires invasive procedures, which can be traumatic for young children [1]. Furthermore, ECC can have far-reaching consequences, including pain, infection, and malocclusion, which can impact a child's quality of life and overall well-being. 

Short Communication Open Access

The Health Effects of the Abuse of Ketamine

William James Maloney

Addiction is defined as being a primary chronic disease of the brain reward, motivation, and memory in this complex circuitry. A dysfunction in this complex circuitry can lead to certain manifestations in an individual [1]. The individual who suffers from addiction does not have the ability to abstain from this harmful pursuit and, as a result,

Research Article Open Access

Impact of Age on Prognostic Treatment Outcomes Among Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: Evidence from Sri Lanka

Irosha Perera, N.S.S. Jayasuriya, H.G.H. Jinadasa, K.H.B. Kodituwakku, S. Kandegedara, A.M. Attygalla

Introduction: Disease free survival is the optimum treatment outcome in cancer management. We explored the impact of age on key treatment outcomes among a group of Sri Lankan oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Material & Methods: We studied clinical records of 44 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients consisted of age- matched two groups (22 in each group) who had close surgical margins and clear surgical margins respectively. 

Research Article Open Access

Determination of Teeth and Arch Size Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in an Iranian Population

Masoumeh Johari, Samira Asghari Moghaddam, Neda Alizad, Mina Vasfi Asfestani

Teeth and arch size determination is an important factor in dentistry and forensic medicine. Evidence shows that cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a highly accurate tool for the measurement of mesiodistal tooth width and arch dimensions. This study aimed to assess the teeth and arch dimensions of males and females on CBCT images of patients presenting to the Radiology Department of Tabriz School of Dentistry.

Research Article Open Access

Radiographic Evaluation of Position and Angulation of Impacted Maxillary Canines in Cleft Palate Cases

Swapnil J Korde, Pallavi Diagavane, Rohit Kulshrestha, Vinay Umale, Kshama Chandurkar, Chinmaya Hawaldar

A normally developed tooth that cannot erupt in the maxillary or mandibular dentition after its normal eruption age is likely to be an impacted tooth. Radiographic confirmation suggests that it will not erupt in its dental arch [1]. The most commonly impacted teeth are the mandibular third molars followed by permanent maxillary canines. Langberg quoted “no tooth is more interesting from a developmental point of view than the maxillary canine” [2].

Letter to the Editor Open Access

Assessing and Addressing Burnout in Dental Students

Mohsen Sharif Zadeh Ardakani, Fatemeh Sadat Hoseini Nejad

Burnout represents a pervasive challenge within dental education, manifesting as a profound state of exhaustion that permeates the lives of students. This condition is characterized not merely by fatigue but by an all-encompassing depletion of energy, adversely affecting academic and clinical pursuits as well as personal well-being. Recent scholarly investigations have illuminated the prevalence and determinants of burnout among dental students globally.

Commentary Open Access

Commentary: Fostering Bias Mitigation and Compassionate Behavior in Dental and Other Healthcare Professional Students and Practitioners

Lon J. Van Winkle

Unconscious bias remains a poorly managed global problem. For example, implicit bias alters perceptions concerning tooth restorability. Dentists and other healthcare professionals harbor attitudes against various categories of people and treat them unfairly. This discrimination leads to inferior care outcomes owing to poorer relationships with patients and effects on their behaviors such as adherence to treatment plans. 

Editorial Open Access

The Dental and Oral Significance of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome

William James Maloney

Like many other healthcare professionals who have contributed so much to the healing arts and sciences, Dr. Jonathan Hutchinson was a keen and astute observer of the human condition. Dr. Hutchinson was a 19th century surgeon who practiced in London. Hutchinson also served as president of the Royal College of Surgeons [1].

Original Research Open Access

Herpes Simplex Virus and Oral Risk Habits in a Cohort of Sri Lankan Male Oral Fibroepithelial Polyp Patients: Findings from a Preliminary Study

Manosha L. Perera, Irosha Perera

Background/Aim: The relationship between Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) and oral risk habits is still uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the connection between oral risk habits and HSV status in a group of male patients from Sri Lanka who have oral fibroepithelial polyps. Materials and methods: We collected 25 fibroepithelial polyps from nine oro-maxillofacial units in six provinces of Sri Lanka. Tissue samples were taken from frozen excisional biopsies to avoid contamination and tested for HSV- DNA using a real-time PCR assay. 

Editorial Open Access

Esethetics in Orthodontics

Rohit Kulshrestha

Patients who choose to undergo orthodontic or surgical treatment do so for a variety of reasons but almost all want treatment to correct functional problems. If correction of the patient’s malocclusion has compromised aesthetic relationships, then patient unhappiness may follow, even if all functional goals are met. Patients obviously prefer aesthetic improvement with their functional correction if possible.

Research Article Open Access

Axiographic Plots: Interpretation and Diagnostic Interest

Latifa Zenati, Mahdia Ait Mehdi

Axiography allows the three-dimensional study of condylar movements in the perspective of diagnosis of cranio-mandibular dysfunctions (CMD) and real adjustment of the semi-adaptable articulator. Conceived by Cammpion in 1902, Robert Lee was responsible for updating this principle of study.

Letter to the Editor Open Access

Oral Lesions in the COVID-19 Positive Individuals – An Update

Ambreen Rehman, Ibrahim O. Bello, Ehsanul Hoque Apu

The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious acute respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARSCoV- 2). Studies have reported oral lesions in patients with COVID-19 such as ulcers or blisters or diffuse reddish lesions affecting both keratinized and non-keratinized tissues of the oral cavity. Such lesions have been observed in the palate, lip mucosa, buccal mucosa, and tongue.

Commentary Open Access

Respiratory Protection - Even in the Bigger Picture, it is Often the Smallest Details that Take Your Breath Away

Ram Prakash, Uday Kumar Digumarthi

It is surprising and even endearing in a way that we, as humans, live life looking ahead with hope, always believing in a better tomorrow, sometimes being oblivious to risks and dangers, often telling ourselves that bad things probably only happen to others and that the threats mentioned are in reality not as bad as they seem. As health care workers, although fear is supposed to be one of the greatest motivators, we bring a bit of this nonchalant attitude to our workplaces in being slightly indifferent especially to the dangers we know but can’t see and thus do not fear, in what is often referred to as the ‘health belief’ model.

Commentary Open Access

Expression and Regulation of FNDC5/irisin in Periodontium and Dental Pulp

Yang Y, Reseland JE, Helen Pullisaar

Teeth together with supporting periodontium are continuously under physical stimulation in daily life and clinical dental situations. Physical stimulation plays an important role in oral health. However, the underlying molecular pathways by which physical stimulation preserves oral health remain unknown.

Research Article Open Access

Baseline Assessment of Dental Behavior Patterns, Associated Factors and Non-pharmacological Behavior Management Approaches among High Caries Risk 2-5-year Old Children Receiving Preventive Oral Health Care

Irosha Perera, K.N.N. Karunachandra, B. A. S. Wimalasena, A. M. Mustapha, Manosha L. Perera

Background & Aim: Providing dental treatment to young children becomes challenging due to their dental fear or anxiety, which manifests in disruptive or non-compliant behavior. This study aims to collect baseline information on the behavior patterns and related factors of 2- 5-yearold children with dental caries at the first visit for basic preventive dental treatment and non-pharmacological behavioral management.

Research Article Open Access

A Clinical Audit on the Follow-up Rate and Endodontic Outcome of Root Canal Therapy Performed by Dental Undergraduates

Michelle Kher Wei Chua, Abhishek Parolia, Hey Chiann Wong, Siew Wei Tan, Zhi Meng Tan, Yuxuan Ooi, Wilson Wee Ser Seah, Allan Pau

To identify follow-up rate and evaluate the endodontic outcome and their association with technical quality of root canal therapy (RCT) done by dental undergraduates. Technical quality of RCT and follow-up rate visits of 350 teeth from 272 patients after RCT done by dental undergraduates were evaluated retrospectively from year 2012 to 2015 using the electronic records. These patients were recalled to assess the clinical, radiographic and overall endodontic outcome. Clinical and radiographic examinations were done following the criteria in compliance with standards guidelines. 

Research Article Open Access

The Role of Selected Habits, Periodontal Disease and Oral Hygiene Status on the Occurrence and Prognosis of Oral Mucosal Lesions

Sharika Gunathilake, Anil Welikanna, Suresh Sinnathamby, DSC Colombathanthri, GH Sueneth Chandima, Irosha Perera, Manosha L. Perera, Nadeena Jayasuriya, Sakuntha Ratnapreya

Background & Aim: Patients presenting with an array of benign oral mucosal diseases to oral & maxillofacial (OMF) units practicing risk habits such as betel chewing could be at high risk of poor oral health and progressing into Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD) or oral cancer. Against this backdrop, we investigated the possible role of selected habits, periodontal disease an oral hygiene in occurrence and prognosis of oral mucosal lesions, among a cohort of patients in Sri Lanka.

Short Communication Open Access

Tinnitus and Its Role in Orthodontics

Rohit Kulshrestha

Tinnitus is the sensation of a noise in the ear or head when no apparent source for the noise is evident. Tinnitus may be either subjective (perceived only by the patient) or objective (perceived by an examiner also). Virtually 95 to 98% of tinnitus is subjective, and 65 to 98% of tinnitus is idiopathic [1]. 

Case Series Open Access

Chronic Oral Mucosal Trauma and Oral Cancer: A Series of Cases

Kobkan Thongprasom, Ekarat Phattarataratip

Oral mucosal lesions affect the quality of life of many patients and are an apparent indicator of oral and general health. Red or white lesions in the oral cavity, including asymptomatic ones should never be ignored. Dentist could be the first person performing important roles in the early diagnosis and management of oral lesions. Taking a biopsy should be considered to exclude the possibility of potentially malignant conditions or oral cancers.

Commentary Open Access

Scalable 3D Screen Printing Technology in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing - High Degree of Freedom in Terms of Drug Choice

Achim Schneeberger, Stefan Seyferth, Dagmar Fischer

Additive manufacturing has the potential to revolutionize the pharmaceutical industry, enabling the production of customized drugs for the mass market. However, concerns over scalability, low mechanical resistance, low printing resolution and limited material choices have so far hindered the practical application of current 3D printing (3DP) technologies. Although conceptually similar, each uses its own method to deposit and cure the material. 

Research Article Open Access

Assessment of Oral Hygiene Practice and Associated Factors among Middle-aged People in a Rural Municipality, Nepal

Maheshor Kaphle, Achel Tamang, Rajesh Karki, Nirmala Regmi, Renu Khadka, Mangesh Bajracharya

Background/Aims: Good oral hygiene practice helps to prevent oral cavity diseases and dental problems. This study aims to assess oral hygiene practices and their associated factors among middle-aged people in a rural municipality of central Nepal.

Review Article Open Access

How Dental Service Organizations Strategically Navigated the Pandemic: Applauding a Successful Business Model

David G. Dunning, Kenneth J. Davis, Robert D. Madden

The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the overall economy generally and the dental economy specifically. This essay focuses on dental service organizations (DSOs) amidst the pandemic. After summarizing a previous article focused on navigating career decisions with DSOs, the status of the broader and dental-specific economy is described as of the early summer of 2020.

Research Article Open Access

Socio-demographic Determinants, Patterns, and Treatment Outcomes of Dental Trauma Patients Treated at a Restorative Dentistry Unit, National Dental Teaching Hospital (NDTH), Sri Lanka

Dilhan Rupasinghe, Irosha Perera, Vasantha Sivaguru, Chathurani Rupasinghe

Aim: This study aimed to determine the socio-demographic determinants, patterns, and treatment outcomes of dental trauma patients treated at a Restorative Dentistry Unit, National Dental Hospital (Teaching) (NDTH), Sri Lanka. Material and methods: This retrospective hospital-based study analyzed data of a total sample of 422 patients according to age, gender, cause, number, and the type of traumatized teeth from the clinical records of traumatized patients. 

Case Report Open Access

Backwards Screening for Gorlin-Goltz syndrome – Does It Make Sense? - A Family Case Report

Manfred Nilius, Minou Nilius, Henry Leonhardt, Anne Weißflog, Guenter Lauer

The Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by kerato cystic odontogenic tumors (KCOT) in the jaws, multiple basal cell carcinomas and skeletal and ophthalmic abnormities. It also involved in the nervousand the endocrine system. The prevalence differs from 1:50,000 to 1:150,000. GGS and KCOT do not only appear in an inherited way but also sporadically following mutation of the tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 9 (PTCH1 or PTCH2 gene).

Research Article Open Access

Examination of the Association between Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Risk of Gallbladder Carcinoma : A Case- Control Study in Greek Adults

Nikolaos Andreas Chrysanthakopoulos, Eleftheria Vryzaki

Objective: To estimate the possible association between periodontal disease (PD) clinical indices, and number of missing teeth and the risk of developing gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) in Greek adults using data from a population based case-control study.

Review Article Open Access

The Involvement of 18 kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) in Cigarette Smoke-related Diseases: A Review

Nidal Zeineh, Abraham Weizman, Moshe Gavish

The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is mainly located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, widely spread throughout the body tissues and is abundant particularly in steroid-synthesizing organs. Cigarette smoke (CS) is considered as a major risk factor for the development of oral, lung, and cardiovascular diseases, as well as cancers. TSPO protein expression is elevated in cells exposed to CS, which subsequently results in increased TSPO-related cellular processes. 

Editorial Open Access

Photodynamic Therapy for the Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Dental Office: Could be Possible?

Cinzia Casu

In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) identified a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in the Wuhan province of China, which has since caused a worldwide pandemic, with more than 21.2 million confirmed cases and over 760,200 confirmed deaths as of 14 August 2020. SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus classified in the family Coronaviridae.

Commentary Open Access

Dental Practice Covid-19 Infection Control Precautions

Ahmed Basheer Ayyed

In the end of 2019, a large number of patients started suffering from a disease that includes symptoms which can be displayed as a severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, in addition to multi organ dysfunction. These symptoms were detected in Wuhan, which is considered the capital city of Hubei province, with