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Journal of Experimental Pathology
ISSN: 2694-5061
Elaine L. Bearer
Department of Pathology
The University of New Mexico, USA
The Duration of Mechanical Ventilation is the Main Cause of Bacterial/Fungal Superinfection in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19 at Altitude
News About the Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Functions, Therapy and Protection from COVID-19
Succinate Accumulation Links Mitochondrial MnSOD Depletion to Aberrant Nuclear DNA Methylation and Altered Cell Fate
Journal of Experimental Pathology explores new advancements and novel discoveries in the field of molecular and cellular pathology. Pathology is one of the promising fields of medicine that help in improving the understanding of pathophysiology and diagnostic approaches of various diseases. Current medical practices need huge alterations to overcome the emerging disease outbreaks and improve the public health.
Therapeutic Pathology- The Pathology of Tomorrow
As pure science, pathology has always been the backbone of every aspect of diagnosis in medical practice. Although the main focus has been on the classification of the disease entities and their association with the prognosis of the condition, the focus has been shifting towards more practical applications- the ‘therapeutic uses’.
Retesting of Neonatal Hearing Screening Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
Introduction: Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (UNHS) plays an essential role in the early identification of hearing loss in neonates. Risk factors for hearing impairment may include family history, prematurity, and exposure to ototoxic substances. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) might be a significant contributing factor affecting the structures of the inner ear.
Non-Invasive Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation in Cancer Population
The pelvic floor (PF) is a complex network of muscles and ligaments that serves as a crucial structural support for various pelvic organs, including the bladder, urethra, prostate, vagina, uterus, anus, and rectum, while also indirectly supporting intra-abdominal contents. It forms a hammock-like supportive layer embedded from the pubic bone to the sacrum/coccyx and ischial tuberosities.
A Work on the Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Combined with Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Step-down on Non-erosive Reflux Disease
We have published an article in Trials journal to carry out a multicentered, randomized controlled clinical trial on the treatment role of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) combined Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) step-down in non-erosive reflux disease (NRED). NRED is the most popular type of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which is defined as “the presence of abnormal acid exposure time (AET) with or without reflux–symptom association on ambulatory reflux monitoring performed off anti-secretory therapy” by Rome IV consensus.
Methylene Blue Oral Rinse: An Effective Alternative for the Treatment of Pain in Oral Mucositis during Head and Neck Cancer Treatment
While the general population perceives mucositis as soreness and inflammation of the mouth or gut, the cancer patient experiences it as one of the most dreaded and debilitating side effects of therapy. Mucositis can be painful, but especially oral mucositis (OM) stands as a prevalent adverse consequence of cancer treatment impacting the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal mucosa. The etiology and severity of OM lesions exhibit variability contingent upon the modality of treatment employed. For individuals undergoing chemotherapy, the incidence of OM approximates 40%, with a proportional increase noted in accordance with the chemotherapy agent and the number of therapy cycles.
Azot is Not Essential for Loser Cell Elimination in a Time-dependent Manner
Cell competition is a conserved phenomenon spanning from arthropods to humans. It involves the elimination of viable yet suboptimal "loser" cells when juxtaposed with their fitter "winner" counterparts. This process has received increased attention for its implications in cancer initiation and progression, neurodegeneration, and ageing. This study investigates the presence of the loser fitness fingerprint Flower LoseB (Fwe LB) and the fitness checkpoint Azot in the optic lobes over a period of 28 days. Notably, the absence of Azot is conventionally linked to the accumulation of loser cells over time.
Analysis of Hearing Monitoring in Children during Annual Visits to an Outpatient Hearing Health Service Program
Preserving the integrity of the auditory system is crucial for language development, learning, and social interaction. Any interruption in these processes during development can result in significant functional impairments. The objective was to carry out a longitudinal analysis of audiological data from children who underwent an initial assessment at SASA in 2018 and were followed up for 4 years at the outpatient's annual consultations.
Nanopore Sequencing of Cell-free DNA: An Emerging Liquid Biopsy Approach for Brain Tumor Molecular Profiling
Brain tumors exhibit significant molecular heterogeneity, complicating diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Traditional tissue biopsies are invasive and often fail to capture the full tumor landscape due to intratumoral heterogeneity. Liquid biopsy, which analyzes cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), offers a minimally invasive alternative for tumor profiling. Nanopore sequencing, a novel long-read sequencing technology, is emerging as a valuable tool in this context.
Immunohistochemistry in Small Lung Biopsies: Diagnostic Pitfalls and Challenges with Limited Panels
With the increasing need for targeted therapies in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), preserving sufficient biopsy material has become essential. As most lung cancer cases are advanced or inoperable at the time of diagnosis, small biopsies, including cytology specimens, often serve as the only source of diagnostic material. Accurate subclassification of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in NSCLC using a limited panel including TTF1 and p63/p40 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, as well as confirming small cell carcinoma using essential IHC markers, is critical for precise diagnosis, cost-effective treatment, and optimal patient care.
Cancer Stem Cells, Together with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Other Cooperative Cells, Govern the Initiation and Development of Cancer
Until the end of last century, the origin and development of cancers were mostly attributed to the proliferation of their active cells, operative in collaboration with non-cancer cells of the patients. In particular, an important role was attributed to cells now recognized as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), first considered a few decades ago. Initially, however, the role attributed to these cells was only limited.
Varying Presentations of EBV-associated Clinical Entities with Emphasis on EBV-Associated T- and NK-cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders of Childhood
The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an endemic human herpesvirus, with 90% of people demonstrating serological evidence of prior exposure to EBV. In most cases, primary infections of EBV generate mild or asymptomatic clinical courses, but may present as infectious mononucleosis if contracted during young adulthood. In a small percentage of cases, Epstein- Barr virus infection may manifest as a noncanonical reaction, yielding a wide variety of clinical manifestations.
Epidemiological Profile and Clinical Conditions of Women with or without Precursor Lesion for Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer (CC) is a health condition faced by women, and affects mainly developed countries [1,2]. According to the world estimate of 570 thousand new cases, cervix cancer is on the fourth place of most frequent cases, representing 3.2% of all cancer types, and is also on the fourth place regarding mortality [1]. The 2018 estimate was 311,365 deaths worldwide. This corresponds to an estimated risk of 15.1 per thousand women [3,4].
BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Elicited Antibody Responses in COVID-19-naïve Subjects
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines have gained international acceptance and have been proven to be safe and effective [1,2]. In a study of 3,950 frontline healthcare workers with no previous laboratory documentation of COVID-19 [3],
Weight and Abdominal Adiposity Loss with Auricular Acupuncture – A Randomized Controlled Trial
According to the WHO, obesity has more than doubled since 1980 [1]. The reality, however, is that most of the world’s population live in places where overweight and obesity kill more people than underweight. In 2016, more than a third of adults worldwide were classified as overweight or living with obesity, as were 41 million children younger than 5 years [2].
Antifungal Effects of PC945, a Novel Inhaled Triazole, on Candida albicans Pulmonary Infection in Immunocompromised Mice
Candida spp. are often detected from fungal cultures or mycobiome analysis of respiratory secretions, but are not usually treated since, even if detected persistently, the presence is assumed to be benign colonization unless invasive candidiasis in deeply immunocompromised subjects is suspected.
Repurposing of an Antifungal Drug against Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Molecular docking approaches explore the receptor-ligand conformations within the binding sites of macromolecular targets [1]. Structure-based drug discovery is widely used by the scientific community in Medicinal Chemistry to estimate the ligand-receptor binding free energy by evaluating critical phenomena involved in the intermolecular recognition process [2,3].
BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Elicited Antibody Responses in COVID-19-naïve Subjects
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines have gained international acceptance and have been proven to be safe and effective [1,2]. In a study of 3,950 frontline healthcare workers with no previous laboratory documentation of COVID-19 [3],
Mechanistic and Translational Advances Using iPSC-Derived Blood Cells
The human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology was developed more than ten years ago and has provided important tools for the mechanistic and cellular interrogation of many diseases [1]. To generate iPSC lines, somatic cells are reprogrammed into cells resembling embryonic stem cells by the overexpression of key transcription factors.
Succinate Accumulation Links Mitochondrial MnSOD Depletion to Aberrant Nuclear DNA Methylation and Altered Cell Fate
Epigenetic processes provide a mechanism for integrating metabolic inputs and translating them into various phenotypic outputs [1,2]. Indeed, epigenetic modifiers often require or are inhibited by key citric acid cycle (CAC) metabolites (e.g. succinate,
Pancytopenia: An Update
Peripheral pancytopenia is not a disease by itself; rather it describes simultaneous presence of anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia resulting from a number of disease processes.
Application of Encapsulated Probiotics in Health Care
Probiotics are generally defined as nonpathogenic living organisms that have beneficial effects on host health. The term “probiotic” means “for life” that is derived from Greek language. At first, probiotics was defined as substances that are produced with microorganisms and promote the other microorganisms.
Azot is Not Essential for Loser Cell Elimination in a Time-dependent Manner
Cell competition is a conserved phenomenon spanning from arthropods to humans. It involves the elimination of viable yet suboptimal "loser" cells when juxtaposed with their fitter "winner" counterparts. This process has received increased attention for its implications in cancer initiation and progression, neurodegeneration, and ageing. This study investigates the presence of the loser fitness fingerprint Flower LoseB (Fwe LB) and the fitness checkpoint Azot in the optic lobes over a period of 28 days. Notably, the absence of Azot is conventionally linked to the accumulation of loser cells over time.
Cancer Stem Cells, Together with Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Other Cooperative Cells, Govern the Initiation and Development of Cancer
Until the end of last century, the origin and development of cancers were mostly attributed to the proliferation of their active cells, operative in collaboration with non-cancer cells of the patients. In particular, an important role was attributed to cells now recognized as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), first considered a few decades ago. Initially, however, the role attributed to these cells was only limited.
Spinal Capillary and Cavernous Haemangiomas in Developmental Age: Our Experience
Vascular anomalies are quite common lesions. They are frequently encountered in the pediatric population, being present at birth or developing later, during infancy, childhood, or adolescence. Most of these lesions are benign. Nevertheless, even benign lesions may exhibit significant morbidity without idoneous management [1].
BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Elicited Antibody Responses in COVID-19-naïve Subjects
Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines have gained international acceptance and have been proven to be safe and effective [1,2]. In a study of 3,950 frontline healthcare workers with no previous laboratory documentation of COVID-19 [3],
News About the Extracellular Vesicles from Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Functions, Therapy and Protection from COVID-19
The present Commentary is a critical follow-up of a previous review about “Extracellular vesicles, news about their role in immune cells: physiology, pathology and diseases”, appeared in Clinical and Experimental Immunology last June 2019 [1].
Mechanistic and Translational Advances Using iPSC-Derived Blood Cells
The human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology was developed more than ten years ago and has provided important tools for the mechanistic and cellular interrogation of many diseases [1]. To generate iPSC lines, somatic cells are reprogrammed into cells resembling embryonic stem cells by the overexpression of key transcription factors.
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