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Ultrasound-Guided Bone Surgery: A New Perspective

Metatarsalgia is a frequent cause of forefoot pain. Surgical treatment is based on the performance of osteotomies at the level of the minor radii to restore a normal distribution of pressure within the forefoot and improve the biomechanics during gait.

Rearfoot and Ankle Reconstruction for Charcot Joint Disease: A Review

Charcot joint disease refers to the structural breakdown of the joints in the presence of neuropathy [1]. It has multiple pseudonyms but one of the most descriptive names of this condition is “Diabetic Neuroarthropathy.” The first cases studied by Jean-Marie Charcot however were not due to diabetic peripheral neuropathy but syphilis-related peripheral neuropathy.

Viscosupplementation in Horses: What do We Really Know?

The importance of osteoarthritis (OA) is undeniable in equine medicine, with a high occurrence in the routine, several studies have been carried out to understand the pathophysiology of the disease and to seek more efficient methods of prevention and treatment.

Editorial Commentary for In Throwers with Posterior Instability, Rotator Cuff Tears are Common but Do Not Affect Surgical Outcomes

Superior labral pathology is an exceedingly common entity among throwers, and in recent years, a number of reports have elucidated the prevalence of posterior glenohumeral instability among overhead athletes (baseball, softball, volleyball.) However, within this unique patient population, these conditions should not be viewed as separate clinical entities, but, rather as findings that exist on a single pathomechanic spectrum.

EMG Signal Processing for Hand Motion Pattern Recognition Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Stroke is a major cause of death and disability in the world. There were approximately 25.7 million stroke survivors and 6.5 million deaths from stroke [1]. Stroke can result in arm disability and reduce daily life activity via weak arm muscle activity [2]. Studies have been performed to discover therapeutic and assistive approaches to compensate for disabilities and restore functions. 

Physiotherapy Exercise Program for Managing Adhesive Capsulitis in Patients with and without Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Trial

Adhesive capsulitis (AC), also known as ‘frozen shoulder’, is characterized by the development of dense adhesions and capsular thickening leading to a progressive and painful restriction of shoulder range of motion (ROM) and functional disability [1]. The onset is gradual, usually occurs between the ages of 40 and 60 years and is more common in females and diabetics.

Relationship between Plate Length and Fracture Height as a Predictor of Non-Union in Distal Femur Fractures. A Restrospective Study

The distal femur constitutes the region between the metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction and the femoral condyles. Fractures of this segment, which includes supracondylar and intercondylar fractures, represent between 4 and 7% of all the femur fractures, with an incidence of 37 cases per 100,000 habitants/year. These fractures present a bimodal distribution depending on the injury mechanism. 

The Role of the MPFL and MPTL in Patellar Stability – A Biomechanical Study

The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is a thickened band of tissue that originates from the adductor tubercle and inserts on the proximal medial patella. It is expected that the MPFL, under patellar lateral subluxation, will fail at approximately 12-18 mm of displacement  due to the failing of collagen based structures at 20% to 30% elongation.

The Role of the Sciatic Nerve Ultrasound Elastography in the Clinical Pathway: A Meta-analysis

Ultrasound elastography is a diagnostic method, to measure elasticity and strain in tissues and organs. The aim of this review was to highlight the usefulness of sciatic nerve ultrasound elastography in clinical practice. Different changes affect the sciatic nerves through various diseases and conditions. 

Clinical and Histological Proof that Surgical Incisions along Skin Folding Lines Result in Optimal Scars

In an early publication, we could show that striae distensae always develop perpendicular to the skin tension lines. In another article, we demonstrated that virtual skin tension lines are identical to the obvious Main Folding Lines; we recommended their use as optimal directions for orthopedic incisions, when inconspicuous scar formation is a prerequisite, as in children, younger adults, and women.

Epidemiology of Displaced Supracondylar Fractures

Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are the most common elbow fracture in the pediatric population and comprise nearly 60% of all elbow fractures. Supracondylar fractures most commonly occur in children aged five to seven. Historically, males had a higher incidence of supracondylar humeral fractures. More recent studies support a more equal distribution amongst males and females.

Pain in Patients undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

Pain continues to be reported by patients waiting for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and after undergoing this surgery despite advances in the delivery of pain management. The motivation for carrying out this initial work was due to the concerns of the surgeons based on patients reports of pain, at their 6-week return to clinic appointments. Concerns of addiction, overdosing, multi-modal analgesia and lack of pain education were the factors.

Incidental Spinal Durotomies Noted During Spinal Surgery: Incidence and Management

An incidental durotomy or dural tear is defined by ICD- 10 as an accidental puncture or laceration of dura during a procedure. These procedures include spinal surgery and interventional procedures such as epidural injection. The published incidence of incidental durotomy varies in the literature and is dependent on the procedure being performed, the experience of the surgeon, and patient factors but can range from 1% to 17%.

The use of Percutaneous Achilles’ Tendon Lengthening as an Adjunct Procedure in Foot and Ankle Surgery: A Review

The goal of reconstructive foot and surgery for diabetic foot pathologies is to create a plantigrade foot that is braceable and has low risk of ulcer formation or recurrence. Experienced surgeons are cognizant that foot pathologies are defined in three planes: frontal, transverse and sagittal. The Achilles’ tendon is the chief deforming force in the foot along the sagittal plane.

Hamstrings Injuries with MRI Findings in a Major League Soccer Team

Hamstring injuries are the most common pathology reported in professional soccer players and represent about 10-30% of all injuries. The hamstring complex is comprised of three muscles located in the posterior compartment of the thigh including the semimembranosus (SM), semitendinosus (ST), and biceps femoris (BF), which is comprised of the long head (BFLH) and short head (BFSH).

Bacterial Biofilms and Implant Infections: A Perspective

Human body implants are rapidly covered by a conditioning film (which contains the biochemical moieties) when they interact with human body fluids and its components. This surface-bound biochemical blend elicits a chemotactic response to attract bacteria that are transmitted through infection or by contamination. 

Submuscular Anterior Transposition for Treatment of Ulnar Nerve Syndrome: Outcomes and Final Satisfaction

Ulnar neuropathy is the second most common peripheral neuropathy in the upper limb after carpal tunnel syndrome, with an incidence of 30 cases per 100,000 persons/year. It is characterized by the appearance of sensory symptoms such as pain, dysesthesia, and paresthesia, initially intermittent and then continuous, in the ulnar territory of the forearm and hand.

The Use of a New Type of Heart Rate-controlled Training System HeartGo® for Patients with Chronic Heart Failure on the Pedelec

Secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease such as heart failure includes regular physical activity with endurance and strength training, which is used for this purpose with high prevalence. Early rehabilitation should begin in hospital (phase I), be continued in a rehabilitation clinic or as an outpatient close to home (phase II), and then (phase III) preferably in outpatient heart groups (AHG).

A Pilot Study for Assessing a Novel Method of Measuring Shoulder Activation in Healthy Volunteers Using Surface Electromyography

Over the years, healthcare providers have used a host of physical examinations and clinical tools to assess a patient’s physical functioning and health, but many of these assessment tools lack generalizability among physicians or the specificity and sensitivity to accurately diagnose a patient. Range of motion measures are one-way physicians assess many physical deficiencies in the upper and lower extremity.

Efficacy of a Virtual Fracture Clinic Model Created During Covid-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused delivery of orthopaedic services to require extra consideration and substantial revision. Alternative ways to manage patients with urgent injuries have been instigated to minimize patient’s exposure to the disease, spread within the hospital system and reduce the overall impact on stretched resources.