Archives of Nephrology and Renal Studies

Research Article Open Access

Variant (rs2576178) of Renalase Gene and Its Association with End Stage Renal Disease Patients in Hilla Province

Zahraa Isam Jameel, Rabab Omran, Ammad Hassan Mahmood

Renalase, a newly discovered flavin-adenine dinucleotide-dependent amine oxidase released by the kidney, circulates in the blood and has an impact on heart function and systemic blood pressure. We conducted the research in Babylon from February to July of 2016. We collected 50 blood samples from patients with end stage renal disease admitted to Merjan Teaching Hospital in Babylon Province, Iraq. In addition to the control group (50 samples) of healthy people aged 11 to 80, all patients and control groups were from the same ethnic group (Arab).

Review Article Open Access

Protective and Therapeutic Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide in Diabetes Induced Renal Damage: A Narrative Review of Scientific Evidences

Vishal Dubey, Jignesh Kansagra, Bhargav Kamani, Varun Sureja

Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic conditions that can significantly impair the overall quality of life. Diabetic nephropathy is a diabetes-associated renal damage condition and one of the most common diabetes-induced renal complications. The hyperglycaemia associated with diabetes is considered one of the key factors associated with the renal damage. The endocannabinoid system is a complex biological process involved in various physiological activities, while its impairment is directly associated with numerous pathological conditions as well.

Case Report Open Access

A Case Report and Literature Review on Complications of Pediatric Maintenance Intravenous Fluids

Jaicy Pottokaran, Larry T Patterson, Mark S Segal

After establishing the new standard of care of isotonic fluids for maintenance therapy, there has not been a systematic follow-up to determine whether the goal of the switch has been achieved or whether there have been any unexpected complications with the change. This is a brief review of the history of maintenance intravenous fluids and potential complications of isotonic fluid therapy spurred by a case.

Letter to the Editor Open Access

A Quality Improvement Initiative to Reduce Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections by Decreasing Unnecessary Foley Catheter Use in Hospitalized Patients

Vuha Reddi, Oleg Sostin, Georgina Carlson, Polina Pinkhasova, Gustavo Alday

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) represent 80% of urinary infections in a hospital setting [1]. CAUTIs are not only the most common hospital associated infections, but also are the most avoidable, with up to 69% of the cases being preventable [2]. Approximately nine thousands of deaths each year may be attributable to CAUTIs [2].

Review Article Open Access

Review of Renal Transplantation of Hepatitis C Viremic Donor Organs into Aviremic Recipients

Jiawei Cui, Roman Perri

The development of direct-acting antiviral agents for the treatment of Hepatitis C (HCV) has changed the practice of treating patients with HCV. In particular, organ transplant recipients who have not previously been exposed to HCV are now able to consider receiving an organ from a donor who is infected with HCV, and anticipate effective antiviral therapy after transplantation.

Commentary Open Access

Peritoneal Imaging may be the Last Piece of the Puzzle for Precision Evaluation of Peritoneal Function

Xiangwen Diao, Xiao Yang

Due to changes in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) policies in many countries and the impact of COVID-19, the importance and demand for peritoneal dialysis (PD) as a home dialysis treatment modality is growing prominently [1]. However, peritoneal membrane dysfunction remains a bottleneck restricting the application of PD. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new methods to accurately assess peritoneal function.

Commentary Open Access

The RiVUR Study Outcomes and Implications on the Management of Vesicoureteral Reflux

Tiffany Damm, Ranjiv Mathews

The Randomized intervention for Vesicoureteral Reflux (RiVUR) study was an effort by the National Institute of Health to identify the most significant question on the management of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), i.e. Did antibiotic prophylaxis reduce the incidence of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) in children with VUR? During the initial phases of the RiVUR study, several similar studies were performed that seemed to indicate lack of benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis in VUR.

Commentary Open Access

Commentary on: “Multiple Single Cannulation Technique of Arteriovenous Fistula: A Randomised Controlled Trial”

Ricardo Peralta, Rui Sousa, Bruno Pinto, Pedro Gonçalves, Carla Felix, João Fazendeiro Matos

One of the most important renal nursing procedures is the cannulation of a vascular access (VA), a procedure that is carried out on every single dialysis treatment. VA cannulation method is still a procedure that reflects local unit practices and the skill of the individual nurse

Research Article Open Access

How Well Do Hemodialysis Patients Respond to the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine?

Fernando Carrera, Joana Costa, Luciano Pereira, Marco Marques, Belarmino Spencer, Francisco Ferrer

In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified COVID-19 to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern and declared it a pandemic on March 11, 2020 [1]. Over one hundred and eighty-five million people have been infected by SARS-CoV-2 and roughly four million have died worldwide so far

Commentary Open Access

The Role of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease – Questions and Future directions

Filip Ionescu, Saima Mansuri

With the advent of the direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), patients requiring anticoagulation for common conditions such as atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism no longer need to worry about dietary restrictions or regular monitoring of the international normalized ratio which complicated warfarin treatment.

Short Communication Open Access

Safety of Using Rituximab Therapy During COVID-19 Pandemic

Hatem Ali, Mohammed Elshafey, Mahmoud M Mohamed

Rituximab is a chimeric (20% rodent and 80% human) monoclonal antibody that binds to the CD20 antigen present on the cell surface and leads to depletion of mature B-cells [1,2]. It is the first approved monoclonal antibody to be used in the therapy of indolent B-cell non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Mini Review Open Access

Percutaneous Ablation of Localized Renal Masses: An Updated Review

Kimberly A. Maciolek, Noah S. Schenkman

With readily available cross-sectional imaging, asymptomatic localized renal masses (LRMs) are often incidentally found. The standard management for LRM has been surgical resection, however, detection of masses that are benign or with low metastatic risk has led to interest in minimally invasive alternatives such as percutaneous thermal ablation (TA) or active surveillance