Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) is a major public health issue and is both a cause and a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HTN and identify its associated factors in patients with advanced CKD in Parakou, Benin.
Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Nephrology Department of the CHUD-B/A hospital from April 01, 2023, to August 31, 2023. We included all consenting patients aged 15 and over with stage 3 to 5 CKD. The presence of HTN was the main outcome variable. A descriptive and comparative analysis was performed, using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test to identify associated factors. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: A total of 72 patients were included. HTN was highly prevalent in this cohort, affecting 86.1% (62 out of 72 patients). Bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between HTN and lower limb edema (p=0.004; OR=8.82) and advanced stage of CKD (p=0.02; OR=4.86). Due to the very small size of the non-hypertensive group (n=10), multivariate logistic regression could not be performed.
Conclusion: HTN was exceedingly high among patients with advanced CKD in our cohort (86.1%). The strong, unadjusted association with clinical signs of volume overload underscores the importance of fluid management in addition to antihypertensive therapy in these patients.
Keywords
Hypertension, Chronic kidney disease, Associated factors, Parakou, Benin