Abstract
Introduction: End-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant challenge to patients' mental health, frequently leading to anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. This study aimed to identify factors associated with psychiatric vulnerability among patients with end-stage renal disease at the Zou/Collines Departmental Hospital in Benin.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from January to June 2024, including patients with end-stage renal disease managed in the internal medicine department. In this study, psychiatric vulnerability was defined as the presence of anxiety, depression, or sleep disorders The primary outcomes were the presence of anxiety and depression, assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: A total of 110 patients were included (mean age: 47.19 ± 11.34 years; male-to-female ratio: 1.97:1). Notably, all participants were presented with at least one psychiatric disorder. The prevalence of sleep disturbances was 86.36%, while clinically significant anxiety was found in 29.09% and depression in 45.45% of patients. Factors significantly associated with these conditions included exposure to criticism and verbal abuse, unemployment, lack of income-generating activities, housing insecurity, food insufficiency, and perceived stigmatization related to inadequate care.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in patients with end-stage renal disease highlights an urgent need for the integration of mental health services into routine nephrology care.
Keywords
Psychiatric disorders, Renal failure, Depression, Anxiety, Benin