Journal of Cancer Immunology

The transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) is an endolysosomal channel belonging to the TRP family. Clinically, mutations of TRPML1 have been responsible for a severe lysosomal storage disorder called mucolipidosis type IV.

Primary tumors of the small bowel are a rare condition, accounting for 2 to 3% of gastrointestinal tumors. Malignant melanoma is the most common metastatic tumor found in the gastrointestinal tract [1]. It can be localized in different sites, from the oral cavity to the anus. It can also be present as a primary lesion.

Being a sophisticated and highly organized living system, mammals harbor a large number of biomolecular machineries which represent a dynamic and complex network of interconnections responsible for the effective operation, development and survivability of their body cells. Sphingolipids are a special class of lipids in eukaryotic cells, which have recently gained the attention of researchers because of their involvement in several fundamental processes of living cells, including proliferation

According to estimates from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, by the year 2030 there will be 22 million new cancer cases and 13 million deaths per year. The main reason for death from cancer is not the initial tumor but it’s metastasis to distant parts of the body, yet this process has remained poorly understood for quite some time.

Encapsulation of therapeutic molecules (e.g., small molecule inhibitors, mRNA, siRNA, aptamers, etc.) into nanomaterials can improve the solubility and blood circulation of the drugs, alter their biodistribution, decrease their toxicities, overcome drug resistance, and facilitate their entry into target cells. The development of anti-cancer nanodrugs has been the focus of intense study for decades. Several anti-cancer nanodrugs have been approved for clinical use all over the world.

Biopolymers have earmarked their importance in the biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Researchers are still working for the facilitation of better therapeutic effects and medical benefits. In this context, several strategies are on a play like functionalization of biopolymers with physicochemical modification, functionalization of lipids with biopolymers, development of composites or hybrid systems for bringing together the benefits of individual moieties/systems

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In 2020, a total of 19 million cancer patients were diagnosed, of which 11.4% were lung cancer, causing 18% of all cancer deaths. In 2020 in Spain, 29,638 cases were estimated.

The need to accelerate collective and concerted action to combat Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) and childhood obesity is particularly relevant in the Pacific context.

The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is an endemic human herpesvirus, with 90% of people demonstrating serological evidence of prior exposure to EBV. In most cases, primary infections of EBV generate mild or asymptomatic clinical courses, but may present as infectious mononucleosis if contracted during young adulthood. In a small percentage of cases, Epstein- Barr virus infection may manifest as a noncanonical reaction, yielding a wide variety of clinical manifestations.

The ALDH gene superfamily encodes a group of evolutionarily-related proteins catalyzing the irreversible oxidation of aldehyde substrates to their corresponding carboxylic acids. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) isoforms 1A1 and 1A3 belong to intracellular enzymes with a broad spectrum of functions linked with an advanced stage of solid tumors and the stemness potential of the neoplastic cells.

It is long known that melanoma has the ability to metastasize widely. Unusual sites of metastases are seen including intracardiac. The literature reports cases of cardiac metastases however, most reports pre-date the more recent era of immunotherapy and targeted agent use and do not describe systemic treatment responses.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy with increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. The migration and motility of HCC tumor cells are enhanced by the formation of invadopodia, which comprise membrane protrusions at the leading edge. Previous studies have showed that cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) plays an essential role in remodeling the cytoskeleton, which is associated with invadopodia formation and thus mediates cellular movement.

Abnormal activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) promotes the development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells (NSCLC). Chemoresistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which is elicited by EGFR mutations, is a key challenge for NSCLC treatment. In the present study, we demonstrate a critical role of gasdermin E (GSDME), an important protein for pyroptosis, in the maintenance of EGFR stability and activation.

Background: Despite practice guidelines, strategies for lowering LDL-C are often poorly adopted in clinical practice. Materials and Methods: Five countries (Brazil, Kuwait, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, and UAE) enrolled 2,422 patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) with low density lipoprotein cholesterol level (LDL-C) above 1.4 mmol/L. Patients were followed at 6 ± 2 months intervals to assess LDL-C level and treatment with ezetimibe and/or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i).

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of diabetes, characterized by kidney damage. Podocytes are specialized, terminally differentiated cells in the kidney’s filtration barrier that are key responders to the metabolic and environmental changes that occur in diabetes. Change in the function and in the number of podocytes is the main signature of the development and progression of DKD.

Background: In advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), second-line treatment with nintedanib plus docetaxel improves survival compared with docetaxel, especially in patients with adenocarcinoma histology who progressed within 9 months after the start of firstline treatment. It is therefore necessary to identify new biomarkers/prognostic factors that select the patients who benefit from this type of treatment.

Early-stage NSCLC, encompassing resectable stage I-III  are curable, and represents 25% of all lung cancers. The management of non-metastatic NSCLC is a rapidly changing area of clinical oncology, where utilization of molecular biomarkers has become a cornerstone in informing appropriate management. In current clinical practice, adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended after surgical resection for tumors ≥ 4 cms in size (AJCC 7th stage IB, AJCC 8th stage IIA, and higher stage groups thereafter).

The global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), although has faded from public view, the virus itself remains highly active and continues to mutate, continuously causing infections. The population faces the risk of severe outcomes caused by virus infection (e.g., multi-organ tissue injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)). Furthermore, patients with chronic diseases (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes) are at risk of developing severe sequelae or even elevated mortality.