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Journal of Cellular Immunology

ISSN: 2689-2812

2022

Volume 4, Issue 2, p34-91

Articles published in this issue are Open Access and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY NC) where the readers can reuse, download, distribute the article in whole or part by mentioning proper credits to the authors.

Review Article Open Access

SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The Viral Arms Race and Pattern- Recognition Receptors

Qi Liu, Sensen Chi, Shuai Tan

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 respiratory disease, was first identified on 7 December 2019, and quickly spread worldwide. The SARS-CoV-2 belongs to Coronaviridea family, enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses. The family is divided into two subfamilies, the Coronavirinae and the Torovirinae, distinguished by the shape of their nucleocapsids . Virions are roughly spherical and are notable for the large spike (S) glycoprotein that mediate viral entry to the host cell. The subfamily Coronavirinae consists of four genera, the alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-coronaviruses. There are seven coronaviruses that can infect people – four of them causing a common cold (229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1), and three are associated with potentially severe respiratory conditions, namely severe syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the emerging type of SARS-CoV-2, which has 79% sequence homology with SARS-CoV.

J Cell Immunol, 2022, Volume 4, Issue 2, p34-49
Research Article Open Access

Inulin Supplementation Mitigates Gut Dysbiosis and Brain Impairment Induced by Mild Traumatic Brain Injury during Chronic Phase

Lucille M. Yanckello, Brian Fanelli, Scott McCulloch, Xin Xing, McKenna Sun, Tyler C. Hammond, Rita Colwell, Zezong Gu, Aaron C. Ericsson, Ya-Hsuan Chang, Adam D. Bachstetter, Ai-Ling Lin

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been shown to acutely alter the gut microbiome diversity and composition, known as dysbiosis, which can further exacerbate metabolic and vascular changes in the brain in both humans and rodents. However, it remains unknown how mTBI affects the gut microbiome in the chronic phase recovery (past one week post injury). It is also unknown if injury recovery can be improved by mitigating dysbiosis. The goal of the study is to fill the knowledge gap.

J Cell Immunol, 2022, Volume 4, Issue 2, p50-64 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.4.132
Commentary Open Access

Evolution of the RNA Cleavage Subunit C11/RPC10, and Recycling by RNA Polymerase III

Saurabh Mishra, Richard J. Maraia

All cellular RNAs are synthesized by evolutionary related DNAdependent multisubunit RNA polymerases (Pols). Bacteria and archaea each use a single Pol to synthesize all their RNAs whereas a hallmark of eukaryotes is three homologous Pols, I, II and III and the associated Pol-specific transcription factors (TFs) to regulate synthesis of different class RNAs. The Pol III system produces high molar amounts of tRNAs and other small ncRNAs by the efficient reuse of its stable transcription complexes after formation on the promoters of its target genes, and the recycling of Pol III itself.

J Cell Immunol, 2022, Volume 4, Issue 2, p65-71 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.4.133
Commentary Open Access

LncZFAS1 Inhibit MPP+-Induced Neuroinflammation Through TXNIP/MIB1 E3 Ubiquitin Ligase/NLRP3 Axis

Peiling Huang MM, Weijun Gong MD

Neuroinflammation is associated with the occurrence and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) is closely related to pyroptosis in PD-related cells and animal models, such as microglia and SH-SY5Y cells. The novel lncRNA ZFAS1 (LncZFAS1) regulates a variety of signaling pathways and participates in the inflammatory response in various diseases.

J Cell Immunol, 2022, Volume 4, Issue 2, p72-78 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.4.134
Research Article Open Access

BIOMODULINA T® Modulates Lymphocyte Compartments in Institutionalized Cuban Geriatric Patients

Imilla Casado Hernandez, Vianed Marsán Suárez, Elizabeth Hernandez Ramos, Yenisey Triana Marrero, Gabriela Diaz Dominguez, Yaneisy Duarte Pérez, Mary Carmen Reyes Zamora, Sahily Estradé Fernandez, Consuelo Amantini, Luis Felipe Heredia Guerra

BIOMODULINA T® is a biological immunomodulator of natural origin, not blood derived, which promises to be a strategy for immune restoration in the elderly, in the midst of the worldwide epidemiological crisis due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This research aimed to determine the changes induced by BT in the distribution of lymphocyte compartments of institutionalized Cuban geriatric patients.

J Cell Immunol, 2022, Volume 4, Issue 2, p79-91 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.4.135
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