Archives of Dentistry

While the global COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the entire humanity and health systems, it also triggered researchers to urgently perform clinical trials to assess the safety and efficacy of many agents and modalities to combat COVID-19. As of April 22, over 650 clinical studies have been registered both in USA and internationally. Results from these studies are also coming at a brisk pace in this unprecedented emergency.

During the last decade, the world experienced an incredible increase in displaced populations; a staggering 70.8 million, which has been a direct outcome of war and human rights violations. This figure includes 25.9 million having been identified as refugees, and 51% constituting children below 18 years of age which has been documented as the highest figure in a decade.

The precise role of corticosteroids for treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear due to lack of randomized trials.

Lower extremity fractures in individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI) cause significant morbidity [1] and contribute to excess mortality [2]. Early identification of persons at highest risk for fracture is possible using bone mineral density (BMD) testing by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) imaging

Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020 [1], there have been more than 100 million reported cases of COVID-19 worldwide and more than 2.1 million deaths [2].

While much attention has been given to how COVID-19 patients are treated (or fail to be treated), the impact of the pandemic on illicit drug users remains largely undiscussed

This paper analyses any possible association of various factors like gender, last COVID-19 PCR test results, BCG Vaccination, Seasonal Flu vaccination, occupation and confirmed case contact history with COVID-19 RDT results of the participants.

The COVID-19 pandemic started at the end of 2019 and remains carrying a health threat and significant economic consequences. Over the last two years, COVID-19 has been the main Public Health issue, and has impacted regular healthcare systems, with significant build-up of waiting lists and delay in optimum management of other serious medical conditions including heart diseases and cancer.

The dentist is often the first person who has the opportunity to detect mucosal alterations, such as ulcerations or white and red lesions in the oral cavity. Early diagnosis and proper management can prevent unfavorable outcomes in these patients. Indeed, chronic mucosal trauma resulting from sharp teeth and faulty restorations has

Virtually all arteries, except brain arteries, are surrounded by a significant amount of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). It was thought that the PVAT was only responsible for the mechanical protection of vessels against neighboring tissues during contraction.

The COVID-19 pandemic has shaped activities across almost all human endeavours. Changes are still ongoing to accommodate all the challenges it poses. The healthcare sector, working closely with governments of nations and regulatory agencies, has helped to control the impact of this highly contagious virus.

Improving treatment outcomes for oral cancer patients is underpinned by their disease-free survival and overall survival while ensuring sufficient levels of quality of life [1,2]. There is research evidence to support surgical treatment with or without adjuvant radiotherapy is superior as compared to curative radiotherapy with or without

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and neurological disability worldwide with millions of people sustaining and living with its long-term effects []. TBI is often categorized as mild, moderate and severe with primary injuries separated as either focal or diffuse, with the latter including contusions, intracranial hematomas and brain herniation. 

Patients with an array of benign oral mucosal diseases comprising fibro-epithelial polyps, lipomas and lichen planus commonly present to Oral & Maxillofacial units. While managing their specific conditions, it is important to assess for their risk habits such as betel chewing which is associated with a high burden of periodontal disease as

Traumatic dental injury (TDI) impacts the teeth and/or other hard and soft tissues within and around the mouth and oral cavity region [1]. TDI are very common across the globe leading to 85% of patients having injuries in the oral region [2] which was revealed by a meta-analysis conducted in 2018 [3]. TDIs are frequently presented as serious

The novel SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the Betacoronavirus family and contains a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome. Similar to the two other coronaviruses, SARSCoV- 1 and MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 is also likely to have originated in bats, which serve as established reservoirs for various pathogenic coronaviruses [1]. Although it is still unconfirmed, the most commonly admitted hypothesis suggests that SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted from bats to humans via an unidentified intermediate host species (zoonotic transmission).

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has a bimodal age distribution with peak incidence at age 24 and age 65 with worse outcomes developing in aged populations

Acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) is a life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). It has an average annual prevalence of approximately 10 cases/million people and an annual incidence between 1.5 and 6.0 cases per million according to studies conducted in France, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Spain. The first episode of aTTP occurs mostly during adulthood (~90% of all aTTP cases), but some child and adolescent forms are also detected (~10% of cases).

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common psychiatric disorder after experiencing trauma exposure and characterized by at least one symptom from the four clusters: intrusion, avoidance, negative mood and cognitive alterations, as well as abnormal arousal and reactivity

The Germ Theory of Disease was solidified in the 19^th century by Louise Pasteur and Robert Koch. They systematically visualized, isolated, and quantified microscopic pathogens as causative agents of diseases and epidemics. Viruses are submicroscopic; therefore, they were discovered later as pathogens by indirect methods [1,2].