Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research

Research Article Open Access

Ephrin B1 Regulates Inflammatory Pathways in Retinal Müller Cells

Li Liu, Youde Jiang, Mohamed Al-Shabrawey, Jena J. Steinle

The role of inflammation has been accepted as a factor in the complications of diabetic retinopathy. Discovery of the upstream regulation of these inflammatory factors has remained a challenge. In this study, we explored the actions of ephrin B1 in retinal Müller cells and their actions on inflammatory proteins. We used diabetic human and mouse samples, as well as Müller cells in culture to measure ephrin B1 in Müller cells.

Editorial Open Access

Global Syndemic of Metabolic Diseases: Editorial Comments

Gundu H. R. Rao

Editorial is usually a brief article, written by the editor that expresses publishers or journals collective views on a current issue. As an Emeritus Professor, I have taken the liberty of writing these editorial comments, at the invitation of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research.

Commentary Open Access

Adapting the Escape Room to Engage Learners Two Ways During COVID-19

Laura Wynn

When creating the project, “An Escape Room Simulation Focused on Renal-Impairment for Prelicensure Nursing Students” [1] the author’s goal was to increase positive health outcomes for patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is complicated, but nurses who can help identify those at risk for the disorder and help initiate early treatment can improve patients’ results.

Clinical Case Study Open Access

A Clinical Case Report: Utility of Amniotic Membrane in Treating a Geriatric Diabetic Patient with a Chronic Pressure Ulcer

Alison L. Ingraldi, Kristina Galbreath, Denise Jones, Darlene Lee, Aaron J. Tabor

Chronic wound closure is the inability for a wound to progress through the standard wound healing stages and timeframe, often stalling during the inflammatory stage. This paper presents a two-year open wound endured by a Native American patient of geriatric age and uncontrolled type II diabetes based on elevated A1c levels. Multiple therapeutic modalities had been attempted to close the wound, without improvement. 

Commentary Open Access

Validation of a New Test for Assessing the Quality of Life Perceived in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Pala L, Cosentino C, Acciaioli S, Dicembrini I, Lazzeretti L, Rotella F, Mannucci E

The World Health Organization defines quality of life (QoL) as “the perception that an individual has of his life, in the context of the culture in which he lives, integrating personal goals, expectations and concerns, well-being and discomfort”.

Research Article Open Access

Insulin Signal Transduction is Impaired in the Type 2 Diabetic Retina

Youde Jiang, Li Liu, Hainan Li, Jie-Mei Wang, Jena J. Steinle

With increasing rates of obesity, rates of type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications are expected to rise exponentially over the next few decades (American Diabetic Association). A key feature of type 2 diabetes is a resistance to insulin. Insulin signaling is key to a number of physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, cell growth, general gene expression, and apoptosis.

Research Article Open Access

Epac1 Regulates Ephb1/Ephrin B1 in Retinal Müller Cells

Li Liu, Youde Jiang, Jena J. Steinle

Eph B1/Ephrin B1 signaling has been shown to play a role in inflammation and pain in some targets; however, its upstream regulation is less clear. To investigate whether exchange protein for cAMP1 (Epac1) can regulate EphB1/ephrin B1 in retinal Müller cells, we generated Epac1-Müller cell specific knockout mice. We used protein analyses to show that Epac1 regulates both EphB1/ephrin B1, as well as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3).

Commentary Open Access

Commentary: A Herbal Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes – The Dangers of Adulterated and Falsified Products

David W Holt, Atholl Johnston

In 2018, our group published a letter in The Lancet detailing a case in which a patient had taken a herbal preparation to treat her diabetes [1]. In essence, our laboratory was approached by the treating physician after the patient, a 58 year old lady of south Asian origin with a 30 year history of type 2 diabetes said that, during the previous two years, she had replaced some of her prescribed anti-diabetic medication with a herbal remedy purchased in India.

Short Communication Open Access

Cut-off Value of Random Blood Glucose among Asian Indians for Preliminary Screening of Persons with Prediabetes and Undetected Type 2 Diabetes Defined by the Glycosylated Haemoglobin Criteria

Priscilla Susairaj, Chamukuttan Snehalatha, Arun Raghavan, Arun Nanditha, Ramachandran Vinitha, Krishnamoorthy Satheesh, Desmond G Johnston, Nicholas J Wareham, Ambady Ramachandran

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains undiagnosed for many years in large number of persons living in developing countries. The cost of diagnostic tests and the invasive procedures involved in conventional screening methods remain a major setback to timely testing

Research Article Open Access

Resveratrol Treatment Reduces Neuromotor Impairment and Hearing Loss in a Mouse Model of Diabetic Neuropathy and Nerve Injury

Sergio Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Chantal Cazevieille, Bastien Caumes

In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), Schwann cells (SCs) are responsible for myelin production, which contributes to axonal protection and allows for efficient action potential transmission. Unfortunately, acquired and hereditary demyelinating diseases of the PNS are numerous and affect an increasing number of people.

Commentary Open Access

Can Monoclonal Antibodies against CGRP Offer New Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes?

Celine E Riera

The neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino acid peptide, with a wide-range of biological activities including vasodilation, neurogenic inflammation, immune function and hypertension. In addition to these various roles, it has also been heavily implicated in metabolic disease, with roles in feeding, energy dissipation processes and pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion.