Archives of Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Review Article Open Access

Why Can Modulation of α6-Containing GABA_A Receptors Reduce the Symptoms of Multiple Neuropsychiatric Disorders?

Werner Sieghart

α6-containing GABA_A receptors (α6GABA_ARs) are strongly expressed in cerebellar granule cells, where they mediate a correctly timed and precise coordination of all muscle groups that execute behavior and protect the brain from information overflow. Recently, it was demonstrated that positive modulators with a high selectivity for α6GABA_ARs (α6-modulators) can reduce the symptoms of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders in respective animal models to an extent comparable with established clinical therapeutics.

Mini Review Open Access

Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors for Treatment of Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease

Nasser Mikhail

Aldosterone excess is known to worsen hypertension and kidney function. Three selective aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASIs) were evaluated in 3 phase 2 trials. In the first study, the ASI baxdrostat 2 mg orally once daily decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) by 11.0 mmHg compared with placebo after 12 weeks in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension. In the second study including patients with uncontrolled hypertension, placebo-corrected reduction in SBP with lorundrostat 50 mg once daily was 9.6 mmHg after 8 weeks.

Research Article Open Access

Comprehensive Network and Structural Analysis of Bovine Papillomavirus, Squamous Cell Carcinoma Markers, and Elucidation of Efficacy Mechanisms of Phytochemicals from Thuja Occidentalis

Shafiqur Rahman, Arun HS Kumar

Papillomaviruses infect cutaneous tissue in various species including bovines and from benign warts to malignant squamous cell carcinoma causing severe economic losses to the farmers. The mechanisms by which bovine papillomaviruses interact with host tissue are unclear. Hence in this study using classical network analysis tools, we evaluated interactions of Bovine papilloma (BPV) variants, with markers and receptors implicated in squamous cell carcinoma.

Editorial Open Access

The Domino Effect of Polypharmacy. A Dangerous Catalyst That Starts Numerous Bio-Psycho-Social Chain Reactions

Jose Luis Turabian

Increasing medicalization causes some disconcerting trends in medical decision making. Polypharmacy is one of its most important consequences. The tendency to equate the concepts of risk factor and disease, the changes in the biomedical assessment of the severity of many health problems, and the increase in the number of pharmacological treatments create a growing set of multimorbidity and polypharmacy, and this produces a dramatic domino effect

Editorial Open Access

POSTCOVID-19 WAR Era, Abnormally Some Patients being Affected by Exceptional Disease Progression, and Accelerated Excessive Mortality Rate

Bahram Alamdary Badlou

From 2019, POSTCOVID-19 pandemic attacks, human beings were under pandemic-attacked condition that caused by different industrial modern diseases, and being confronted with unusual disease progression, which increased abnormal excess mortality and morbidity rates. The exact mechanism of action is not completely elucidated yet. What is (un)known?

Review Article Open Access

Schisandra chinensis in Liver Disease: Exploring the Mechanisms and Therapeutic Promise of an Ancient Chinese Botanical

Tamer A. Addissouky, Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed, Majeed M. A. Ali, Mahmood Hasen Shuhata Alubiady, Yuliang Wang

Background: Schisandra chinensis is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for centuries for liver health. The active lignans in Schisandra, including schisandrin and gomisins, have exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties in preliminary studies. With rising rates of chronic liver diseases globally, there is interest in the potential therapeutic role of Schisandra. 

Commentary Open Access

Validating the Use of Rational Modification of Compounds to Reduce P-gp Efflux

Jay Conrad, Roy J Vaz

In both the Central nervous system (CNS) as well as Oncology small molecule drug discovery programs, efflux due to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) could be a deterrent during the discovery phase to obtain in vitro or in vivo pharmacological readouts. Several different strategies have been utilized in the past in order to overcome efflux by P-gp, many of which have been described in a recent article [5] from our labs.

Editorial Open Access

Ecological Impact of Drug Prescription

Jose Luis Turabian

Ecological thinking goes beyond humans and animals, this approach considers the inextricable links between ecosystems and health. Thus, ecology ranges from molecules to the ecological and sociocultural context, including the relationship between the economy and ecological and social processes. While pharmaceuticals are essential for human and animal well-being, their release into the environment is of growing concern.

Review Article Open Access

Targeted Therapy in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer-Clinical Updates

Rachel Passarelli, John Pfail, David Golombos, Thomas L. Jang, Vignesh T. Packiam, Saum Ghodoussipour

Non muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) comprises almost 75% of all bladder cancer (BC) diagnoses. Longstanding intravesical treatment options include chemotherapy or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG). However, despite these treatment options, there is a high rate of relapse for NMIBC patients, reaching up to 40-50% for patients with high risk disease. Radical cystectomy is recommended by guideline committees for patients with high risk NMIBC and for patients who fail intravesical treatment options

Editorial Open Access

Post COVID-19 War Era, Overall Updates and Upgrades Needed to Protect Patients Against Unpredictable Disease’s Progression

Bahram Alamdary Badlou

In these post-COVID-19 periods, overall updates and upgrades are needed to protect patients against unpredictable disease progression, radically. (Re)Consideration of guidelines, standard operating procedures (SOPs), all kinds of old-fashioned model systems, and mechanisms between different angles of the death triangle could play a pivotal role as a lifesaving novel idea, sooner or later.