Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L) has garnered attention for its potential in diabetes management due to its rich bioactive compounds, including sesamin, sesamolin, and unsaturated fatty acids. This commentary explores recent advances in sesame research, emphasizing its role in improving glycemic control, lipid profiles, inflammation, and oxidative stress, as evidenced by a systematic review and meta-analysis. Mechanistic insights reveal sesame’s effects on PPARα activation, Nrf2 signaling, and NF-κB suppression, which underpin its metabolic benefits. Recent trials across diverse populations demonstrate the efficacy of sesame oil, seeds, paste, and sesamin supplements in reducing HbA1c, fasting glucose, and cardiovascular risk factors. However, challenges such as study heterogeneity, limited generalizability, and unclear optimal dosing hinder clinical translation. Future research should prioritize large-scale, long-term RCTs, mechanistic studies on gut microbiota and neuroprotection, and personalized nutrition approaches to fully harness sesame’s therapeutic potential in combating the global diabetes epidemic.
Keywords
Sesame, Sesamin, Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, Nutritional Supplement