Archives of Dentistry

ASD refers to a group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by deficits in social communication, interaction and demonstrating restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention forecasted that the prevalence of ASD would be 1 in 45 in USA.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications.Duration of diabetes, poor glycaemic control, high blood pressure and proteinuria are reported risk factors contributing to the development of diabetes related complications.

Background & Aim: Patients presenting with an array of benign oral mucosal diseases to oral & maxillofacial (OMF) units practicing risk habits such as betel chewing could be at high risk of poor oral health and progressing into Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD) or oral cancer. Against this backdrop, we investigated the possible role of selected habits, periodontal disease an oral hygiene in occurrence and prognosis of oral mucosal lesions, among a cohort of patients in Sri Lanka.

Implementation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) for patients with HIV has led to the dramatic reduction in AIDS related mortality in both children and adults [1]. With their longer life expectancy and improved quality of life, effects of ageing and other environmental factors are predisposing them to non-AIDS related morbidities, with cardiovascular diseases emerging as an important threat.

Cerebral palsy is an umbrella term for a range of conditions affecting movement and posture and is the most common physical disability of childhood

A normally developed tooth that cannot erupt in the maxillary or mandibular dentition after its normal eruption age is likely to be an impacted tooth. Radiographic confirmation suggests that it will not erupt in its dental arch [1]. The most commonly impacted teeth are the mandibular third molars followed by permanent maxillary canines. Langberg quoted “no tooth is more interesting from a developmental point of view than the maxillary canine” [2].

Last year’s article In the International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology [1] highlighted that Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI) is now the leading cause of visual impairment in the developed world [2]. It also provided a definition of CVI [3,4], and summarized its functional deficits, and methods of assessment. 

Background & Aim: Providing dental treatment to young children becomes challenging due to their dental fear or anxiety, which manifests in disruptive or non-compliant behavior. This study aims to collect baseline information on the behavior patterns and related factors of 2- 5-yearold children with dental caries at the first visit for basic preventive dental treatment and non-pharmacological behavioral management.

Background/Aims: Good oral hygiene practice helps to prevent oral cavity diseases and dental problems. This study aims to assess oral hygiene practices and their associated factors among middle-aged people in a rural municipality of central Nepal.

Introduction: One of the most significant current discussions in pediatrics is whether lumbar puncture (LP) should be performed in children with febrile seizure (FS) as in the past. Objectives: We compared the prevalence of meningitis among FS children before and after the pentavalent vaccine to determine the importance of the LP in these children.

Practice difficulties during menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) are major global concerns. So, this review will explore the issues of cultural and social for menstruation and AUB in Nepal. Nearly one-third of menstruating girls and women were facing abnormal menstruation and uterine bleeding worldwide. All religions have negative views and enforce prohibitions on menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding except Sikhism. 

Objective: To estimate the possible association between periodontal disease (PD) clinical indices, and number of missing teeth and the risk of developing gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) in Greek adults using data from a population based case-control study.

Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic and inflammatory disease caused by an interaction of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. It is characterized by skin lesions and itching and progresses with periods of improvement and worsening.

Background: The provision of comprehensive care and support services to orphans and disadvantaged children that are individualized and tailored through the use of child- and family-centered information is critical but little if any information is available on satisfaction with HIV/AIDS care among orphans and vulnerable children in Gondar. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the satisfaction of HIV/AIDS care and support service delivered to caregivers of Orphans and Vulnerable Children, Gondar City, 2023.

In children, the global burden of vaccines-preventable diseases (VPDs) and deaths can be averted by adopting timely immunization practices. Administering immunization to a child within 28 or 30 days of the designated immunization date is referred to as timely immunization. Besides timely immunization, immunization non-compliance (invalid or delayed or missed immunization) increases the risk of various forms of VPDs and death in children, particularly living in urban slums. 

Public vehicle harassment is a problem that exists globally both in an open and hidden way and is a serious problem. Public vehicle harassment could be physical, verbal, and non-verbal. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of public vehicle harassment, types, and psychological distress among women aged 15-24 years traveling in Public Vehicles in Lalitpur district, Nepal.

Preserving the integrity of the auditory system is crucial for language development, learning, and social interaction. Any interruption in these processes during development can result in significant functional impairments. The objective was to carry out a longitudinal analysis of audiological data from children who underwent an initial assessment at SASA in 2018 and were followed up for 4 years at the outpatient's annual consultations.

Compare fecal loading (FL) using Leech and Starreveld methods in children and adolescents with functional constipation (FC) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). Single-center, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study of consecutive cases referred with unresponsive constipation. Inclusion criteria: FC and IBS-C, according to the Rome IV Criteria, age between 4 and 15 years old. Exclusion criteria: underlying chronic disorders,  no medication during the two weeks preceding the radiography. 

Early childhood caries (ECC) is a pervasive and debilitating disease affecting millions of children worldwide. The traditional restorative approach, although effective, often requires invasive procedures, which can be traumatic for young children [1]. Furthermore, ECC can have far-reaching consequences, including pain, infection, and malocclusion, which can impact a child's quality of life and overall well-being. 

Climate-induced perennial flooding in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, poses a constant hazard for children's mental and educational development. This paper addresses the ‘often overlooked’ psychological impacts of flooding on schoolchildren, one of the research findings that was not extensively analysed in the recent article, “Mfon, U. Y. (2024). Climate Change Outcomes and Educational Development: Implication of Flooding on the Well-being and School Attendance of Children in Bayelsa State, Nigeria,”