Cardiac Complications are the leading cause of mortality after orthotopic liver transplantation. Advanced liver disease patients with positive DSE are at increased risk. CAD, beta blocker use and NASH are independently associated with cardiac events.

Exercise is widely recognized for its cardiovascular benefits, including reduced mortality and a lower risk of cardiovascular events. However, recent studies suggest that athletes may exhibit a paradoxical increase in coronary artery calcium (CAC) and high-risk plaque morphology. Additionally, there is considerable conflicting evidence and numerous gaps in current research on this topic. With the growing population of athletes, particularly “Master Athletes’, understanding the implications of coronary atherosclerosis in this group is increasingly important.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) stands as one of the foremost contributors to cardiovascular events and death on a global scale. The primary underlying mechanism for CAD is atherosclerosis, which can precipitate severe cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Despite significant advancements in clinical diagnosis and treatment modalities, the incidence and mortality rates associated with CAD remain alarmingly high, necessitating continuous research into novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Arterial stiffness and loss of recoil indicate arterial aging and arteriosclerosis, which heighten the risk of cardiovascular issues, particularly ischemic heart disease. Advances in technology, particularly coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), allow for accurate detection of coronary luminal stenosis with high image quality. Due to its noninvasive nature and high specificity and negative predictive value, CCTA is widely utilized for assessing coronary artery disease (CAD). It also facilitates the analysis of plaque characteristics and calcium levels in the coronary arteries, providing further insights into coronary risk.

Ischemic heart disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of chronic coronary syndrome is a challenge as most of the diagnostic investigation are either invasive or involve radiation or contrast material. The aim of our study was to find a scoring system comprising diagnostic parameters which are non-invasive and involve minimal radiation or contrast material and yet have high diagnostic yield.