Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Research

Research Article Open Access

Ephrin B1 Regulates Inflammatory Pathways in Retinal Müller Cells

Li Liu, Youde Jiang, Mohamed Al-Shabrawey, Jena J. Steinle

The role of inflammation has been accepted as a factor in the complications of diabetic retinopathy. Discovery of the upstream regulation of these inflammatory factors has remained a challenge. In this study, we explored the actions of ephrin B1 in retinal Müller cells and their actions on inflammatory proteins. We used diabetic human and mouse samples, as well as Müller cells in culture to measure ephrin B1 in Müller cells.

Review Article Open Access

Sex Differences in Diabetic Ocular Surface Complications and Dysregulation of the OGF-OGFr Pathway

Ian S. Zagon, Joseph W. Sassani, Patricia J. McLaughlin

Diabetes is a chronic disorder that affects more than 500 million individuals worldwide. It is a life-long disease with complications that attack nearly all other systems within the body. Although there is a slight increase in the prevalence of diabetes in males, ocular surface complications are equally present in males and females.

Review Article Open Access

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Osteoarthritis Patients Derived from Primary Care Records: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies

Xiaoyang Huang, Ross Wilkie, Mamas A Mamas, Dahai Yu

Health intelligence on the frequency of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors identifies targets and populations for preventative strategies and allows evaluation of health outcomes, behaviors and interventions in populations and health care settings.

Commentary Open Access

Dysregulation of the OGF-OGFr Pathway and Associated Diabetic Complications

Patricia J. McLaughlin, Joseph W. Sassani, Ian S. Zagon

Diabetes is a major healthcare concern worldwide. In addition to the financial burden estimated at $760 billion, the human suffering related to complications of diabetes as well as the disease itself are immense. Complications associated with diabetes affect both men and women, but there is a higher incidence reported in the aging population, women, and people of color.

Commentary Open Access

Can Monoclonal Antibodies against CGRP Offer New Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes?

Celine E Riera

The neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) is a 37-amino acid peptide, with a wide-range of biological activities including vasodilation, neurogenic inflammation, immune function and hypertension. In addition to these various roles, it has also been heavily implicated in metabolic disease, with roles in feeding, energy dissipation processes and pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion.

Research Article Open Access

Improved Wound Closure Rates and Mechanical Properties Resembling Native Skin in Murine Diabetic Wounds Treated with a Tropoelastin and Collagen Wound Healing Device

Robert S. Kellar, Robert B. Diller, Aaron J. Tabor, Dominic D. Dominguez, Robert G. Audet, Tatum A. Bardsley, Alyssa J. Talbert, Nathan D. Cruz, Alison L. Ingraldi, Burt D. Ensley

Chronic, non-healing, or slow to heal wounds present a significant and growing health problem in the United States, with an estimated 6.5 million people affected, at an annual cost of US $20 billion, with the highest risk groups represented by the elderly and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes and obesity.

Research Article Open Access

Insulin Signal Transduction is Impaired in the Type 2 Diabetic Retina

Youde Jiang, Li Liu, Hainan Li, Jie-Mei Wang, Jena J. Steinle

With increasing rates of obesity, rates of type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications are expected to rise exponentially over the next few decades (American Diabetic Association). A key feature of type 2 diabetes is a resistance to insulin. Insulin signaling is key to a number of physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, cell growth, general gene expression, and apoptosis.

Short Communication Open Access

Cut-off Value of Random Blood Glucose among Asian Indians for Preliminary Screening of Persons with Prediabetes and Undetected Type 2 Diabetes Defined by the Glycosylated Haemoglobin Criteria

Priscilla Susairaj, Chamukuttan Snehalatha, Arun Raghavan, Arun Nanditha, Ramachandran Vinitha, Krishnamoorthy Satheesh, Desmond G Johnston, Nicholas J Wareham, Ambady Ramachandran

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains undiagnosed for many years in large number of persons living in developing countries. The cost of diagnostic tests and the invasive procedures involved in conventional screening methods remain a major setback to timely testing

Review Article Open Access

The Profiling and Role of miRNAs in Diabetes Mellitus

Michael Kim, Xiaokan Zhang

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an age-related metabolic disorder affecting 347 million people in modern society. Expanding its prevalence beyond developed countries, DM has emerged as a global public health issue associated with a high morbidity and mortality.