Journal of Cellular Signaling

Review Article Open Access

Tumor Lipid Signaling Involved in Hyperoxidative Stress Response: Insights for Therapeutic Advances

Mladen Korbelik , Albert W. Girotti

Most malignantly transformed cells are metabolically rewired to promote their survival and progression, even under conditions that would be unfavorable for normal counterparts. Arguably the most impactful metabolic transformation and recognized cancer hallmark is the reprogrammed lipid metabolism. Lipids are not only primary constituents of cell membranes but essential participants in fundamental cellular functions including cell signaling, protein regulation, energy provision, inflammation, and cell-cell interaction. Engagement of lipids in critical physiological functions in cells is additionally accentuated upon malignant transformation. Pivotal roles of lipids as influential inter- and intracellular signaling molecules, particularly under conditions of hyper oxidative stress, are delineated.

Commentary Open Access

Toward a Deeper Understanding of Clonal Evolution in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Translational and Clinical Impacts

Keri Renee Maher , Graeme F. Murray , Thuy Ho , Steven Grant

To understand disease biology of Acute Myeloid Leukemia requires an appreciation of initial clonal heterogeneity of the disease, as well as the selective pressures on these clones and the resulting change in cytomolecular profiles over time. Elucidating these underpinnings of leukemogenesis is critical for attempts to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Here, we review key findings derived from a retrospective analysis of a diverse acute myeloid leukemia cohort of 207 patients and discuss biological mechanisms underlying these trends.

Review Article Open Access

Monoamine Oxidase B in Astrocytic GABA Synthesis: A Central Mechanism in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation

Moawiah M Naffaa

Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is a mitochondrial enzyme predominantly expressed in astrocytes, where it plays a crucial role in neurotransmitter metabolism, oxidative stress regulation, and neuroinflammation. In addition to its well-characterized function in the oxidative deamination of monoamines such as dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin, MAO-B is increasingly recognized for its involvement in astrocytic GABA synthesis.

Review Article Open Access

Astrocyte and Microglial Disparities in PI3K/AKT Signaling: Implications for Parkinson's Disease Inflammation

Atiyeh Poursadoughian Yaran , Reihaneh Balali , Shahriar Gharibzadeh

Parkinson's Disease (PD), following Alzheimer's Disease, is the second most prevalent neurological condition globally. This progressive disorder is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to motor dysfunction. Neuroinflammation, a complex process involving astrocytes and microglia, significantly contributes to PD pathogenesis. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, a pivotal regulator of cell survival and function, is dysregulated in PD.

Review Article Open Access

The Intersection of Lipid Signaling and Metabolism in Cancer and Tuberculosis

Vikash Kumar , Sidra Khan

Lipids are an essential class of complex biomolecules involved in maintaining cellular energy homeostasis, structural organization and signal transduction. Dysregulated lipid signaling and metabolism have increasingly been reported in various pathological settings like diabetes, cardiomyopathy, neurological pathologies, malignancies and infectious diseases. Recent technological advances in metabolomics and lipidomics have shown enormous complexities and functionalities of lipids.