Journal of Cellular Immunology

Commentary Open Access

Designing Anti-Viral Vaccines that Harness Intrastructural Help from Prior BCG Vaccination

Tony W. Ng , Steven A. Porcelli

Vaccines are among the most effective tools for combatting the impact and spread of infectious diseases. However, the effectiveness of a vaccine can be diminished by vaccine inequality, particularly during severe outbreaks of infectious diseases in resource-poor areas. As seen in many developing countries that lack adequate healthcare infrastructure and economic resources, the acquisition and distribution of potentially life-saving vaccines may be limited, leading to prolonged suffering and increased deaths.

Review Article Open Access

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Lymphoma by Chemotherapy Regimen

Kamen W. Kossow , Joseph G. Bennett , Marc S Hoffmann

Treatment of lymphomas involves a wide variety of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted-agents tailored to disease biology and patient characteristics. Each of these regimens carry their own risk of opportunistic infections in an immunocompromised population. In addition to the treatment associated immunosuppression, lymphoma itself is immunosuppressive. Lymphoma associated immunosuppression is secondary to increased production of abnormal lymphocytes

Commentary Open Access

Commentary on Updated Insight into the Role of Th2-Associated Immunity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Xinyue Hou , Jinjin Chu , Shuhao Liu , Shuyu Jin , Jiamei Sun , Hui Wang , Haibo Li , Wei Liu , Chunxiang Chai , Sue Zhang , Donghua Xu

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common autoimmune disease caused by multiple factors. The pathogenesis of SLE remains unclear. Helper T cell 2 (Th2 cell) is essential for humoral immunity, which participates in regulating type 2 immune response by producing typical cytokines of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. It is well known that Th2-associated immunity plays a vital role in autoimmune diseases, including SLE.

Commentary Open Access

Type 1 Diabetes: A Disorder of the Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas

Brittany S. Bruggeman , Desmond A. Schatz

Type 1 diabetes has historically been described as an endocrine (β-cell) specific autoimmune disease. However, a substantial reduction (20-50%) in pancreas organ size and subclinical to symptomatic exocrine pancreatic insufficiency are present at diagnosis and may begin even prior to the development of islet autoimmunity. The mechanisms of exocrine loss in type 1 diabetes are not well understood, but leading hypotheses include developmental defects, β-cell loss resulting in exocrine atrophy, or autoimmune or inflammatory destruction of exocrine cells.

Review Article Open Access

Can Vaccines Stop Cancer Before It Starts? Assessing the Promise of Prophylactic Immunization Against High-Risk Preneoplastic Lesions

Tamer A. Addissouky , Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed , Majeed M. A. Ali , Yuliang Wang , Ayman El Baz , Ahmed A. Khalil , Naglaa Elarabany

Background: Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality with modest declines, highlighting the need for more efficacious prevention strategies like early immunological intervention against premalignant disease.