Journal of Cellular Immunology

Review Article Open Access

Spectrum of Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Acute Cellular Rejection Surveillance in Heart Transplantation

Sriharsha Talapaneni , Robert Hu , Vincent Burke , Nicole DeMarais , Lakshminarayana Korutla , Prashanth Vallabhajosyula

Heart transplantation remains the definitive treatment for patients with advanced heart failure, but post-transplant complications such as acute cellular rejection (ACR) continue to limit long-term outcomes. The current standard for ACR surveillance is endomyocardial biopsy, which is invasive and associated with procedural risks, variability in interpretation, high healthcare utilization costs, and poor patient tolerability.

Review Article Open Access

Antigen-Specific Immunomodulation: CAAR-T cells Redefine Precision Therapy in Pemphigus Vulgaris

Huijie Yuan , Luhan Zhao , Xuming Mao

Current therapies for antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases largely rely on broad immunosuppression or lineage-wide B-cell depletion. These approaches are associated with increased risks of infection and other adverse effects. This commentary focuses on Chimeric Autoantibody Receptor (CAAR) T-cell technology as a precision immunotherapy that selectively eliminates pathogenic autoreactive B-cell clones while preserving protective immunity.

Commentary Open Access

Per Aspera Ad Astra: Hunt for Cyclin Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor, a Novel Class Agent Targeting Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes, for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Dominique Baeten, MD, PhD , Hitoshi Kohsaka, MD, PhD , Daishiro Miura, PhD

The recently published review by Baeten et al. outlines the scientific and translational evidence supporting the role of cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathology, and it discusses how this stromal (synovial fibroblast) target provides the basis for a drug class with a novel non-immunosuppressive mechanism of action that could change the current immunosuppressive treatment paradigm in RA.

Commentary Open Access

TGFα as a Damage-Limiting Signal Preserving Tissue Integrity

Julia Zissler , Lena Lößlein , Friederike Zunke , Veit Rothhammer

Inflammatory processes are essential for tissue integrity in living systems as they ward off intruders such as parasites, microbes and viruses rendering them protective safeguards to control external threats. However, inflammation many times is accompanied by collateral tissue damage, and is thus followed by tightly orchestrated phases of recovery. Indeed, these mechanisms are not only operational in peripheral tissue, but also occur within the central nervous system (CNS).

Commentary Open Access

A Commentary on Dual Orphan Nuclear Receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) and NR4A2 Ligands

Stephen Safe , James J. Cai , Robert S. Chapkin

1,1-Bis(3’-indolyl)-1-(3,5-disubstitutedphenyl)methane (DIM-3,5) compounds in the presence or absence of a 4-hydroxylphenyl group bind both orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) and NR4A2. In cancer cells, these compounds bind and inactivate pro-oncogenic NR4A1 and NR4A2 and downstream pathways acting as inverse agonists that inhibit cancer cell growth, survival, migration and invasion, and induce ferroptosis.