Abstract
Exercise is considered as one of the main therapeutic strategies to improve glycemic regulation in diabetic patients. Current recommendation for diabetes management is a 3 to 5 times a week 150 min of moderate-to-moderate intensive physical activity.However, these could be refined thanks to recent studies. Furthermore, favorable effect generated by exerkines from the better understanding of mechanism involved in the exercise-associated, would allow the identification of future innovative molecules to treat diabetes mellitus.
This article aimed to determine the best recommended exercises for diabetic individuals and to provide information on exerkines role on beneficial effects of exercise obtained on β-cells function and glucose homeostasis in skeletal muscle.
To summarize, it appears that the combination of endurance and resistance training associated with a short term very low caloric diet (VLCD) could be the solution to treat diabetes. Finally, by focusing on our examples, Fractalkine, Osteoprotegerin (OPG) and exosomes seem to be promising therapeutic strategies for diabetic patients.
Keywords
Exercise, Diabetes, β-cell, Skeletal muscle, Exerkines, Myokines, Fractalkine, Osteoprotegerin, Exosomes.