Loading

logo

Journal of AIDS and HIV Treatment

ISSN: 2688-7436

Original Research Open Access
Volume 8 | Issue 1 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.33696/AIDS.8.072

Health Belief Model-Informed Predictors and Complementary Psychosocial Factors Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence among Black Adults with HIV

Vanessa B. Serrano1,2,*, Maximo Prescott1,3, David J Moore2,3, Jessica L Montoya2,3
  • 1San Diego State University / University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, USA
  • 2University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
  • 3HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program, San Diego, CA, USA
+ Affiliations - Affiliations

Corresponding Author

Vanessa B. Serrano, vbserrano@health.ucsd.edu

Received Date: April 14, 2026

Accepted Date: June 02, 2026

Citation:

Serrano VB, Prescott M, Moore DJ, Montoya JL. Health Belief Model-Informed Predictors and Complementary Psychosocial Factors Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence among Black Adults with HIV. J AIDS HIV Treat. 2026;8(1):21–30.


Copyright: © 2026 Serrano VB, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Abstract

Objective: Black individuals in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV and experience disparities in antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. This study examined components of the Health Belief Model (HBM) and related psychosocial factors as predictors of ART adherence across multiple adherence measures.

Methods: Participants were 91 Black adults with HIV recruited from a federally qualified health center (FQHC) and enrolled in a single-arm text messaging-based adherence support intervention. ART adherence was assessed using three measures: (1) a continuous adherence measure, (2) a visual analog scale (VAS), and (3) daily text message-reported responses. Selected HBM constructs (perceived benefits, perceived severity, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy) and related psychosocial factors (supports and beliefs) were examined as predictors of these three adherence outcomes. Linear mixed-effects models assessed associations between psychosocial predictors and longitudinal adherence outcomes.

Results: The sample was primarily comprised of men and older individuals, most of whom had disclosed their HIV status to others. In multivariable models including all predictors, greater self-efficacy was associated with higher adherence on both the continuous adherence measure (β = .18, t = 2.11, p = .04) and VAS (β = .21, t = 2.54, p = .01), but not the daily text message responses. Greater perceived barriers were associated with lower adherence on the continuous adherence measure and VAS (p’s <.001) and showed a trend toward lower text message responses (t = –0.79, p = .06). Greater support for adherence was marginally associated with higher VAS scores (t = 1.95, p = .06). Other psychosocial predictors were not significantly associated with adherence outcomes.

Conclusions: In this older cohort of Black adults receiving HIV care, self-efficacy and perceived barriers emerged as the most salient correlates of retrospective self-reported ART adherence. Findings support the potential value of interventions that strengthen self-efficacy and reduce perceived adherence challenges.

Keywords

HIV, Medication adherence, Health belief model, Psychosocial predictors, Self-efficacy, African Americans, Longitudinal studies, Treatment outcome

Recommended Articles

HIV-1 Treatment Failure among Population Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia

For more than 35 years, the world has grappled with an AIDS epidemic that has claimed an estimated 35.0 million [28.9 million-41.5 million] lives and at its peak threatened global stability and security.

HIV RNA Load and Antiretroviral Drug Resistance of HIV-1 Strains in Chad on Dried Blood Spots: A Pilot Study

In low-income Sub-Saharan Africa countries, peripheral blood HIV RNA levels monitoring twice a year in antiretroviral (ARV) drugs treated patient is a major WHO recommendation since 2013.

Co-intervention of an Immune Modulator - SIVA Herbal Drops versus Treatment Outcome

S.I.V.A herbal drops are a poly herbal preparation in drops formulation. It is indicated in the immune modulating benefit. The in vitro studies have established its activity of boosting phagocyted based immunity. In the present study the immune boosting efficacy of S.I.V.A herbal
drops in infectious disease conditions was evaluated in the human subjects in Apollo Wellness Plus Centre and Apollo Children’s Hospital between 2009-2010.

HIV Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Female Bar Waitresses in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

In Burkina Faso, despite the decline in HIV prevalence to below 1% in the general population since 2013, it remains high among key populations composed primarily of female sex workers (FSWs). FSWs are a heterogeneous group with various risks and practices. Within this composite group, less attention has been paid to female bar waitresses (FBWs). We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate HIV prevalence and associated factors among FBWs in Bobo-Dioulasso. 

HIV-1 and Artificial Intelligence: From Molecular Insight to Population Impact

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become an indispensable ally in virology, enabling the analysis of enormous datasets that extend from viral genomes to behavioral and clinical information. HIV-1, a rapidly evolving retrovirus with extraordinary genetic diversity and a persistent latent reservoir, poses unique computational challenges that are now approachable through data-driven models.

Full Text
Cite
Download PDF
Author Information X

About Scientific Archives

Scientific Archives is a global publisher initiated with the mission of ensuring equal opportunity for accessing science to research community all over the world. Spreading research findings with great relevance to all channels without any barrier is our goal. We want to overcome the challenges of Open Access with ensured quality and transparency.

Read More