Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a common neurological disorder resulting from peripheral nerve damage, significantly contributing to morbidity and adversely affecting patients’ quality of life. Drug-induced peripheral neuropathy (DIPN) accounts for 2-4% of cases and typically manifesting as distal, symmetrical sensory polyneuropathy. The growing diversity of medications complicates DIPN diagnosis, often leading to underreporting and mismanagement due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions. This systematic review analyzed DIPN literature up to September 15, 2024, emphasizing both established and emerging neurotoxic drugs. A focused search prioritized recent studies and case reports on new agents, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Traditional chemotherapeutics and other recognized drug classes were summarized, while TKIs and ICIs were analyzed in detail, highlighting their neurotoxic risks. Statistical data on the incidence rates of TKI- and ICI-related neuropathy are not yet uniformly collected or thoroughly analyzed in the literature. Current evidence suggests that incidence rates for neuropathy vary by drug and cancer type, estimated at 10% for TKIs and 14% for ICIs. Increased vigilance is recommended for healthcare providers when prescribing medications associated with PN, particularly newer agents. Regular monitoring and reporting of suspected cases to pharmacovigilance systems are essential for improving patient outcomes and enhancing the understanding of DIPN mechanisms. Further research is necessary to explore neuroprotective strategies and genetic susceptibility factors, enabling personalized treatment appraoches.

Drug induced neuropathy, Peripheral neuropathy, Neuropathy with systemic drugs, Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy, Platinum drugs, Taxanes, Vinca alkaloïds, Tyrosine kinase inhibitors, Immune checkpoint inhibitors