Abstract
Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) often have pan-systemic manifestations, with the hematological system being one of the most affected. Viral load is the gold standard for monitoring the progress of HIV. This study aimed to determine the association between the hematological profile and the viral load among HIV infected children in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 155 HIV infected children (aged 6 weeks to 18 years) on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). The hematological profile was determined using an automated hemoanalyzer, while viral load was estimated using COBASRAmpliprep and the COBASRTaqmanR49 analyzer. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean (SD) for the hemoglobin concentration and platelet count were 11.4 (1.5) g/dL and 288.4 (118.5) x109/L respectively. The median (IQR) viral load was 200.0 (<20.0–33,518.0) copies/mL with a range of <20 to 1,872,980 copies/mL and about 53.5% of the children were virologically suppressed. The hemoglobin concentration (r = -0.271; p = 0.001) and platelet count (r=-0.188; p=0.019) showed statistically significant negative correlation with the viral load. Similarly, anemia (x2=7.835; p=0.020) and thrombocytopenia (x2=9.480; p=0.009) showed statistically significant association with viral load.
Conclusion: There was a notable relationship between hematological cell lines and viral load, which can be used to monitor treatment response and a surrogate to viral load where facilities for viral load were not readily available.
Keywords
Hematological profile, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, Viral load