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Original Research Open Access

Hematological Determinant of Viral Load Suppression Among Children Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

  • 1Ministry of Health, Sierra Leone
  • 2Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Wesley Guild Hospital, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
  • 3London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Kambia, Sierra Leone
  • 4Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria
  • 5Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
  • 6Department of Paediatric, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria
+ Affiliations - Affiliations

Corresponding Author

Abiodun John Kareem, biodunkareem13@gmail.com

Received Date: August 08, 2026

Accepted Date: September 28, 2026

Abstract

Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) often have pan-systemic manifestations, with the hematological system being one of the most affected. Viral load is the gold standard for monitoring the progress of HIV. This study aimed to determine the association between the hematological profile and the viral load among HIV infected children in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 155 HIV infected children (aged 6 weeks to 18 years) on Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART). The hematological profile was determined using an automated hemoanalyzer, while viral load was estimated using COBASRAmpliprep and the COBASRTaqmanR49 analyzer. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: The mean (SD) for the hemoglobin concentration and platelet count were 11.4 (1.5) g/dL and 288.4 (118.5) x109/L respectively. The median (IQR) viral load was 200.0 (<20.0–33,518.0) copies/mL with a range of <20 to 1,872,980 copies/mL and about 53.5% of the children were virologically suppressed. The hemoglobin concentration (r = -0.271; p = 0.001) and platelet count (r=-0.188; p=0.019) showed statistically significant negative correlation with the viral load. Similarly, anemia (x2=7.835; p=0.020) and thrombocytopenia (x2=9.480; p=0.009) showed statistically significant association with viral load.  

Conclusion: There was a notable relationship between hematological cell lines and viral load, which can be used to monitor treatment response and a surrogate to viral load where facilities for viral load were not readily available.

Keywords

Hematological profile, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, Viral load

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