Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the major causes of death worldwide. The risk of CVD in adulthood is influenced not only by genetic and adult lifestyle factors, but also by early environmental factors. Low birth weight is a marker of intrauterine stress and is associated with susceptibility to CVD. This commentary discussed the role of various causes of birth weight changes, such as preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and multiple births, in increasing susceptibility to cardiovascular disease in adults. Early identification of individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease is critical for developing effective preventions.

Cardiovascular disease, Birth weight, Preterm birth, Intrauterine growth restriction, Multiple births