Archives of Molecular Biology and Genetics

Commentary Open Access

Gut Microbiota Metabolite Trimethylamine N-oxide Reduced Pancreatic β Cell Calcium Transients and Function

Lijuan Kong , Pingping Li

Pancreatic β cell dysfunction is an important cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previous studies show trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-related metabolite, promotes cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance. However, the effect and mechanism of TMAO at pathological concentrations on β cell function remain unknown. The recently published work demonstrates TMAO reduces pancreatic β cell function and glucose homeostasis.

Research Article Open Access

Epigenomics of Adaptive Plasticity of Rice Under Changing Climatic Conditions Grown by Direct-sowing as well as Transplanting

Karishma Seem , Ayantika Ghosh , Suresh Kumar , Trilochan Mohapatra

The common practice of cultivating rice through transplanting requires considerably higher amount of water, which poses several challenges, particularly in the present era of global climate change and decreasing availability of water. The direct-sown rice (DSR) presents a promising/resource-saving alternative for cultivation of rice in the current scenario of changing climatic conditions. While some local cultivars are well-adapted for DSR, there has been limited success in breeding for DSR varieties.

Commentary Open Access

Confronting Vaccine Production, Efficacy, Safety, and Accessibility Challenges in Africa

Ahmed Adebowale Adedeji , Einas Mohammed ElHabib , Rasheed Omotayo Adeyemo

Vaccination is universally acknowledged as one of the most effective public health interventions. However, Africa faces unique challenges that impede the success of its vaccination programs. These challenges span from the biological aspects of vaccine development and production to the socio-economic and infrastructural barriers affecting vaccine distribution and acceptance. This commentary aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these issues and propose viable strategies for enhancing vaccination efforts across the continent.

Commentary Open Access

Down Syndrome: Insights and Analysis

Sushil Kumar , Kamalanathan Selvakumar

Normally, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes found in human beings. But in some conditions, a mother has a fetus with an additional chromosome at T21(21st position) which is said to be the fetus with Trisomy-21 (Down Syndrome). There are many factors of Down Syndrome - nasal bone absence, short nasal bone, thick amniotic fluid (greater than 3 mm), fetal heart rate (FHR), Crown Lump Length, short arm, and thighs’ bones; are screened during 10-14th (First Trimester) and 15-22nd week (Second Trimester) of pregnancy.

Commentary Open Access

Role of Urinary C Peptide and Targeted NGS to Unveil Hidden MODY in Type 1 Diabetes

Vijay Sheker Reddy Danda , Sandeep Reddy Devireddy , Ann Elias

Classification of diabetes has always been a challenge for endocrinologists, especially in young patients. Monogenic diabetes results from inheritance of one or more variants in a single gene, accounting for 1–3% of diabetes cases diagnosed within an age of 30 years.