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Journal of Cellular Immunology
ISSN: 2689-2812
Volume 6, Issue 5, p196-235
Articles published in this issue are Open Access and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY NC) where the readers can reuse, download, distribute the article in whole or part by mentioning proper credits to the authors.
Polyamines: Key Players in Immunometabolism and Immune Regulation
Polyamines are small organic molecules ubiquitously present in all living organisms and function as crucial regulators of biological processes ranging from fundamental cellular metabolism to immune regulation. Dysregulation of polyamine metabolism has been implicated in numerous diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This review provides an overview of pathophysiology of these conditions, highlighting polyamines’ role in immunometabolic alterations in the context of immune regulation.
J Cell Immunol, 2024, Volume 6, Issue 5, p196-208 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.6.206Telling Your Research Story
It is impossible for a person to begin to learn what he thinks he already knows. That's what Epictetus, the Greek Stoic philosopher, taught us two millennia ago. Yet somehow that lesson never made it to some of us – myself included. Rather, we have to learn it on our own and pay the appropriate price
J Cell Immunol, 2024, Volume 6, Issue 5, p209-210 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.6.207Evaluation of Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitors as Potential Therapies for ELANE Associated Neutropenia
Neutrophil elastase (ELANE) mutations are the most common cause of cyclic (CyN) and congenital neutropenia (SCN), two autosomal dominant disorders causing recurrent infections due to impaired neutrophil production. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) corrects neutropenia but has adverse effects, including bone pain and in some cases, an increased risk of myelodysplasia (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an alternative but is limited by its complications and donor availability. Alternative therapies are needed, particularly for patients with poor responses to G-CSF and those at higher risk of MDS/AML.
J Cell Immunol, 2024, Volume 6, Issue 5, p211-218 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.6.208Innate Immune Sensors Spying Microbial Hideouts! OAS1 - ‘Stalwart Defender’ or ‘Hidden Enemy’?
OAS1 plays a critical role in host-pathogen interactions by balancing translational shutdown to limit microbial replication while producing antimicrobial components. Host RNA sensors detect microbial nucleic acids, initiating an interferon-mediated innate immune response that induces ISGs to inhibit replication and shape adaptive immunity. OAS1 enhances the translation of selective mRNAs, producing proteins with antimicrobial properties.
J Cell Immunol, 2024, Volume 6, Issue 5, p231-235 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.6.210Epidemiology, Symptoms and Pathophysiology of Long Covid Complications
Long COVID, or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, reports to affect a significant proportion of COVID-19 survivors, leading to persistent and multi-organ complications. This review examines the epidemiology, symptoms of long COVID complications, including cardiac, hematological, vascular, pulmonary, neuropsychiatric, renal, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, immune dysregulation, and dermatological issues
J Cell Immunol, 2024, Volume 6, Issue 5, p219-230 | DOI: 10.33696/immunology.6.209Chimeric Antigen Receptor CAR NK Cells Emerging Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Cancer
Although NK cells are recognized as effector lymphocytes of the innate immune system, they also regulate the adaptive immune response by releasing inflammatory cytokines and developing immunological memory. Unlike other lymphocytes such as T or B cells, NK cells do not express rearrangeable, antigen-specific receptors.
Emerging Role of TRPML1 Mucolipin Endolysosomal Channel in Cancer
The transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) is an endolysosomal channel belonging to the TRP family. Clinically, mutations of TRPML1 have been responsible for a severe lysosomal storage disorder called mucolipidosis type IV.
COVID-19 Clinical Research
While the global COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the entire humanity and health systems, it also triggered researchers to urgently perform clinical trials to assess the safety and efficacy of many agents and modalities to combat COVID-19. As of April 22, over 650 clinical studies have been registered both in USA and internationally. Results from these studies are also coming at a brisk pace in this unprecedented emergency.
Circulating Cell-Free RNA: A New Perspective for Endometrial Cancer
In order to implement the knowledge of cancer to monitor its evolution and setting, in the last decade, new minimally invasive and repeatable samples collection have been developed such as liquid biopsy.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide, affecting nearly one in eight women. Accurate cancer staging is essential for determining the patient’s prognosis and for choosing the appropriate treatment.
Platelet Hyperactivity and Dysfunction in Diabetes and Cancer
However, the entire coagulation cascade is dysfunctional, in progressed chronic diabetes and cancer patients.
In silico Analysis for the Repurposing of Broad-spectrum Antiviral Drugs against Multiple Targets from SARS-CoV-2: A Molecular Docking and ADMET Approach
SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the genus Beta of the Coronaviridae family of enveloped single-stranded, positive-sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) with a genome length of 30,000bp. The virion is composed of various non-structural (RNA dependent RNA polymerase also known as RdRp) and structural proteins such as Spike (S), Nucleocapsid (N), Matrix (M), and Envelope (E) proteins.
Is Citrate A Critical Signal in Immunity and Inflammation?
When immune cells are activated, they undergo metabolic change in order to have sufficient energy to function effectively. The Krebs cycle is one of the most important pathways involved in this response and citrate, a critical component of this pathway, regulates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
SorLA Targeting - A Method to Overcome Therapy Resistance in Breast Cancer
Tyrosine kinase-type cell surface receptor HER2- targeted therapies have dramatically improved breast cancer patients’ outcome compared to conventional chemotherapies. In the clinic, HER2 monoclonal antibody trastuzumab with chemotherapy represent the gold standard treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer.
The Consideration of Endometriosis in Women with Persistent Gastrointestinal Symptoms and a Novel Neuromusculoskeletal Treatment Approach
Endometriosis is a chronic, hormone-dependent, inflammatory disease, characterized by the presence and growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity and it is associated with chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Worldwide, approximately 176 million women between the ages of 15 and 49 are affected by endometriosis. Endometriosis is a complex disease that induces a chronic inflammatory process and can be challenging to treat. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is defined as pelvic pain lasting greater than three to six months that is not solely related to menstruation, sexual activity or bowel movements.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Fertility Sparing Surgery in Stage 1B2 Cervical Cancer
In 2020 we published a series of 18 patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and vaginal radical trachelectomy (VRT) as a fertility sparing alternative in stage 1B2 cervical cancer.
TNFAIP8: Inflammation, Immunity and Human Diseases
Inflammation can be caused by various environmental factors, including microbial infection and toxic chemical exposure. In response to inflammation, immune cells like macrophages, B and T lymphocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and various stromal cells secrete soluble polypeptide cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF?)
Relationship of lncRNA to Breast Cancer
At present, breast cancer is more frequently diagnosed in women than in men. According to global cancer statistics, each year more than 1,675,000 women are diagnosed and more than 500,000 of them die. Some subtypes of breast cancer have been described.
The Use of Hydroxychloroquine and Interferons for the Prophylaxis of COVID-19
At the beginning of Covid-19 pandemic, we proposed to use hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and intranasal interferon (IFN) a-2b spray to prevent SARS-CoV-2.
Cellular Response to Stress: At the Crossroads between Immunosenescence and Cancer
Aging is a complicated process not yet fully understood. Driven by a variety of stressors such as infectious agents, radiation, intracellular stress, and stressing metabolic conditions, molecular damage occurs over time. Among many consequences, age-related unchecked molecular damage leads to immunosenescence, a hallmark of aging.
Postmenopausal Hyperhidrosis and Vasomotor Symptoms in Menopause Should be Treated Differently – A Narrative Review
Postmenopausal hyperhidrosis (PMH) is an important differential diagnosis to vasomotor symptoms (VMS) in menopause. The objective is to describe the differences in clinical presentation and treatment of the two conditions.
COVID-19 Disease and SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients with Cancer
Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020 [1], there have been more than 100 million reported cases of COVID-19 worldwide and more than 2.1 million deaths [2].
COVID-19 and the Health of Illicit Substance Users: Preliminary Analysis from Illicit Drug Transaction Data
While much attention has been given to how COVID-19 patients are treated (or fail to be treated), the impact of the pandemic on illicit drug users remains largely undiscussed
Tenofovir at the Crossroad of the Therapy and Prophylaxis of HIV and HBV Infections
Tenofovir, alias (R)-PMPA, was first divulged as an anti- HIV agent in 1993 [1]. That it would in 2012, become the first antiretroviral agent, approved by the US FDA (Food and Drug Administration) to prevent HIV infection, could have been predicted from the findings of Tsai et al.
COVID-19 Rapid Diagnostic Test Results and their Associations with Certain Factors Among the Residents of Balochistan
This paper analyses any possible association of various factors like gender, last COVID-19 PCR test results, BCG Vaccination, Seasonal Flu vaccination, occupation and confirmed case contact history with COVID-19 RDT results of the participants.
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